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• W2256145782 abstract "Pyrrhotite (Fe1-xS) is a non-stoichiometric iron monosulfide common in terrestrial rocks, ore deposits, and many extraterrestrial materials. The non-stoichiometry due to metal vacancies relates to a variety of composition-dependent crystallographic superstructures, but little of the existing structural and microstructural complexity has been explored yet. This thesis investigates the occurrences and nature of pyrrhotite superstructures, examines the related nano- and microstructural phenomena, and explores their effects on chemical reactivity. The goal is to comprehend the relations of the nanoscale real structure of pyrrhotite to its physicochemical properties. A central tool in these studies is analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which has been extensively used to study terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples. In three studies, published or submitted as scientific research articles, it is shown that structural complexity of pyrrhotites is a widespread feature in terrestrial and extraterrestrial materials and is strongly interrelated with its physicochemical properties and environments of formation and alteration. A new model based on translation interface modulation is being introduced to provide a realistic description of the structural state of natural NC-pyrrhotites. Novel insights into the thermodynamically stable phase assemblages in the Fe-S system at ambient temperatures are presented and the crystallography and connected thermochemistry of pyrrhotites are deployed to reach new conclusions about the petrogenetic history of chondritic meteorites and the alteration processes they were involved in. Finally, an experimental alteration study reveals for the fist time quantitatively that the vacancy superstructures and anisotropy of pyrrhotites have tremendous effects on their kinetic behaviors during dissolution under acidic and oxidizing conditions. Intrinsic reactivity differences between 4C- and NC-pyrrhotite are clearly resolved and discusses in the framework of the newly established structure model.%%%%Pyrrhotin (Fe1-xS) ist ein in terrestrischen Gesteinen, Erzlagerstatten und vielen extraterrestrischen Materialien verbreitetes, nichtstochiometrisches Eisenmonosulfid. Die Nichtstochiometrie durch Metallleerstellen steht in Verbindung zu einer Vielzahl kristallographischer Uberstrukturen, die von der Zusammensetzung abhangig sind, jedoch hinsichtlich ihrer strukturellen und mikrostrukturellen Komplexitat bislang wenig erforscht worden sind. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Vorkommen und Eigenschaften der Pyrrhotinuberstrukturen, behandelt die in Beziehung stehenden nano- und mikrostrukturellen Phanomene und erforscht ihre Effekte auf die chemische Reaktivitat. Das Ziel ist, zu verstehen, in welchem Verhaltnis die nanoskaligen Realstrukturen des Pyrrhotins zu seinen physikochemischen Eigenschaften stehen. Im Rahmen der Studien wurde vor allem analytische Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (TEM) als wichtigste Methode verwendet, um terrestrische und extraterrestrische Pyrrhotine detailliert zu…" @default.
• W2256145782 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2256145782 date "2012-01-01" @default.
• W2256145782 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2256145782 title "Structure and Reactivity of Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Pyrrhotite" @default.
• W2256145782 hasPublicationYear "2012" @default.
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