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• W2260362015 abstract "Nonperturbative effects are crucial to fully understand the dynamics of quantumfield theories including important topics such as confinement or blackhole evaporation. In this thesis we investigate two systems where nonperturbativeeffects are of paramount importance. In the first part we study thedynamics of non-abelian gauge theories, while in the second part we try toshed light on mysterious properties of black holes using a model proposedearlier by Dvali and Gomez.Non-abelian gauge theories are the central element in the standard model ofparticle physics and many dynamical aspects remain elusive. N = 1 supersymmetricYang-Mills theories with SU(NC) allows for domain walls withseveral curious properties. They are expected to have gauge fields with aChern-Simons (CS) term living on their worldvolume, while in the ’t Hooftlimit of a large number of colors many of their properties seem reminiscentof string theoretic D-Branes. Similar domain walls were also conjectured tobe present in non supersymmetric Yang Mills theories. In our work, we investigatethis problem from several points of view. We construct a toy modelof how to localize a gauge field with a CS term on a domain wall extendingearlier work by Dvali and Shifman. We then derive the peculiar properties ofCS terms in terms of effects of the underlying microscopic dynamics. Thenwe look at the actual theory of interest. Here the main novelty is the focuson the topological part of the Yang-Mills theory allowing us to make robuststatements despite working in a strongly coupled theory. We construct thelow energy effective action of both the non-supersymmetric as well as the supersymmetricYang Mills theory, which due to the presence of a mass gap is atopological field theory. This topological field theory encodes the AharanovBohmphases in the theory as well as phases due to intersection of flux tubes.In this topological field theory we see that the worldvolume theory of domainwalls contains a level NC CS term. The presence of this term was already conjectured in ealier works based on string theoretic constructions. Here wegive its first purely field theoretical construction. Within this constructionwe also illuminate differences between domain walls in the supersymmetricand non-supersymmetric case.Lastly we try to relate the effects observed to similar effects in critical stringtheories and we also speculate on whether the behaviour of these domainwalls is due to an analog of the fractional quantum hall effect.In the second part of this thesis we investigate non-perturbative aspects ofblack hole physics. Here we consider a model for a low energy description ofblack holes due to Dvali and Gomez, where black holes are described in termsof a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of weakly interacting gravitons near aquantum critical point. We focus on nonperturbative properties of a systemof attractively self-interacting non-relativistic bosons, which was proposedas a toy model for graviton BECs by Dvali and Gomez. In this thesis weinvestigate this system mostly relying on a fully non-perturbative approachcalled exact diagonalization. We first investigate entanglement propertiesof the ground state of the system, showing that the ground state becomesstrongly entangled as one approaches the quantum critical point. In order tomake this notion precise we introduce the notion of fluctuation entanglement.We then compute it in a Bogoliubov analysis and extract it from the exactdiagonlization procedure as well. We also consider the real time evolution ofthe system. Here we are interested in finding an analog of the conjecturedfast scrambling property of black holes originally introduced by Hayden andPreskill. We only consider the weaker notion of quantum breaking and showthat the toy model has a quantum break time consistent with the fast scramblingtime scale conjectured in the black hole context. We then conclude bypointing out several possible extensions of these results." @default.
• W2260362015 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2260362015 creator A5062883663 @default.
• W2260362015 date "2015-02-06" @default.
• W2260362015 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2260362015 title "Non-perturbative Effects in field theory and gravity" @default.
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