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- W226125794 abstract "Maneuver and should not be considered separate operations against a common foe but complementary. Firepower resources establish a mobility advantage over the enemy and ease maneuver. Generally this refers to several tasks: attacking deep force concentrations, blinding sensors, disrupting mobility and preparing the enemy for decisive closure. Your first act against the enemy shouldn't be a nibble! It should demonstrate determination and have traumatic impact! -Sir John Woodward1 JOINT FIREPOWER synchronized with operational-level maneuver bites with formidable force and terrorizes the enemy. Precise, brisk, devastating has been around only since World War 11, and its place in major operations and campaigns is no less important today than at Normandy. Firepower is a fundamental tool of the artist, and every campaign planner needs a sense of how such devastating power can be most effective. Following the smoothbore age, military operations changed course, and open warfare resolved into close encounters around fixed points. While maneuver was prominent during three of the four years of the American Civil War, the fourth was largely spent in siege operations. The Franco-Prussian War began with six weeks of maneuver, followed by a five-month siege on Paris. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877 was basically a single-siege operation, and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 closed with 600,000 men consumed in trench warfare. Because of this attrition form of warfare, military leaders concluded that heavier was needed. In 1916 during the battle of Verdun, the Germans heaped two million rounds on French positions at the rate of 100,000 rounds an hour. While these are impressive figures and the magnitude of the barrages must have been awe-inspiring, alone did not achieve an decision in the precursor events to World War I, nor did it during the devastating dears of the war itself.2 Actions during World War I repeatedly demonstrated that a single battle was no longer sufficient to achieve victory-or-perhaps any of the strategic aims of the conflict and that alone could not-be decisive without a more integrated and compelling link to the entire campaign design. Overwhelming may influence success in engagements and battles, but to achieve national security objectives, overall campaigns must be successful.3 The lack of integrated and maneuver at the level during World War I compels us to took to World War II for examples of such integration. First the Germans, then the Allies, learned to integrate with maneuver to execute broad-scope, decisive campaigns across Africa, Europe and Russia. They quickly found that art is more than planning and executing tactics on a grand scale. It is designing and controlling sequential, simultaneous operations across a theater that gives direction and meaning to the tactical level. In this context also becomes more than just fire support. It is not driven by targeting at the lowest tactical levels and compiled into target sets to support coming engagements. Operational is compelled by the overall campaign design and thus the operational-- level tasks and priorities that must be accomplished within each phase of the campaign.4 Firepower The term operational firepower refers to a commander in chief s (CINC's) application of fires to achieve a decisive impact on the conduct of a campaign or major operation. Operational firepower, while a separate element of the concept of operations, must closely integrate and synchronize with the CINC's concept of maneuver. At the level, is defined in terms of what it does rather than what it is. It does not necessarily directly equate to attrition warfare and, of necessity, plays a critical role in maneuver warfare. …" @default.
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- W226125794 date "2001-07-01" @default.
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- W226125794 title "Operational Firepower the Broader Stroke" @default.
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