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• W226570041 abstract "Habitat use and food habits of wild turkeys (Meleagris pallopavo) were studied during summer 1988-89 in southwestern Wisconsin in order to address growing concerns that turkeys cause considerable crop damage. Intensive telemetric monitoring in 1988 suggested that turkeys used crop fields (corn-alfalfa-oats) at a low rate compared to forest types. Brooded hens used forest habitats less and field habitats more than broodless hens and gobblers. Brooded hens appeared to use forest and crop field habitats less and non-crop fields (pasture and idle) more than expected. Broodless hens and gobblers appeared to use forest types and non-crop fields more and crop fields less than expected. Crops of 3 hens collected to determine what turkeys are eating while feeding in agricultural fields contained 79% plant matter (mostly oats) and 21% animal matter (mostly grasshoppers). Crops of 15 poults similarly collected contained 87% animal matter (mostly grasshoppers) and 13% plant matter (mostly oats). Brood flocks in southwestern Wisconsin appear to be utilizing crop fields for insects. INTRODUCTION Wild turkeys were extirpated from Wisconsin in the late nineteenth century due to habitat loss and overhunting (Schorger 1942). By the 1930s the habitat had recovered sufficiently but early restoration efforts were largely unsuccessful due to the use of non-wild stock. Wild turkeys were successfully re-established in Wisconsin in 1976 following a trade agreement in which Missouri wildtrapped turkeys were exchanged for ^Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 3550 Mormon Coulee Rd, La Crosse, WI 54601. -^Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Sandhill Research Station, Box 156, Babcock, WI 54413. Wisconsin ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus') (Burke 1982). Populations increased dramatically following trap/transplant efforts by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) and natural recolonization of suitable habitat throughout the bird's former range. Increasing densities, high visibility, and the gregarious nature of wild turkeys, coupled with misconceptions about their habits, have accentuated the general perception that turkeys cause considerable crop damage in Wisconsin. To address this issue, the WDNR initiated a study in 1987 to assess the magnitude of crop damage attributable to turkeys. The objectives of this paper were to determine (1) trends in farmland habitat use by wild turkeys during the growing season through intensive telemetric monitoring and (2) food habits of birds feeding in agricultural fields. This research was supported in part by funds from the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act under PittmanRobertson Project W-141-R and represents some of the work conducted under Study 234. We gratefully acknowlege the cooperation of J. Huff and G. Bartelt of the Special Projects Research Group. STUDY AREA AND METHODS This study is being conducted in Turkey Management Zone 1A (which encompasses 455 km ) in southern Vernon County (Fig. 1). The area is typical of the unglaciated region of southwestern Wisconsin and is characterized by rugged topography with steep slopes and deep valleys. Commercial and non-commercial forest lands encompass 43% of the area; oakhickory (Ouercus-Carva) is the principal type, comprising 60% of the forested area. Land use is dominated by dairy farming with strip rotations of corn, alfalfa, and oats on ridgetops and in valleys. South-facing slopes" @default.
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• W226570041 date "1989-01-01" @default.
• W226570041 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W226570041 title "FARMLAND HABITAT USE BY WILD TURKEYS IN WISCONSIN" @default.
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