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- W2269898613 abstract "THE ESCALATION of world crude oil prices in recent years and the doom predictions which were the immediate reaction in the developed countries, albeit important, are but one facet of the so-called energy crisis. Possibly of greater significance is that world attention has now been directed to broader aspects of the global supply of energy and its management, and there is healthy new thinking on the general relationship between energy, ecology and economics.1 It is now abundantly clear that the energy crisis, in terms both of immediate financial impact and also of longer term planning considerations, has profound implications for less developed countries. With respect to the impact of increasing oil prices countries may conveniently be divided into four categories: (1) the rich oil-rich; (2) the poor oil-rich; (3) the rich oil-poor; and (4) the poor oil-poor.2 Libya, Algeria, Nigeria, and Gabon may be placed in the second group and, although recurrent shortages of petroleum products in Nigeria indicate that mere possession of crude oil is not everything, it can be argued that these countries, relative to their neighbours, are in a favoured position. With longer term ecological or conservation considerations in mind even these countries may also find it necessary to consider alternative sources of energy. Alternative energy is of immediate importance for the bulk of the African countries which find themselves in the poor oil-poor class and therefore in a very vulnerable position. For them the immediate financial implications have been serious or even disastrous, and planning strategies will have to be fundamentally modified in a number of cases. An important point, often overlooked, is that in most African countries which are still largely rural, it is non-commercial forms of energy such as wood, charcoal and animal waste that provide the bulk of energy consumed, and that animal and human power are still in widespread use. While dependence on such energy sources may have helped to cushion the effect of rising oil prices, their use is at best inefficient and at worst highly damaging. For example, in the Sahel zone it has been estimated that 2-5-3-0 tons of wood is consumed per family per annum, a total extraction of some 50 million tons a year.3 The" @default.
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- W2269898613 date "1976-07-01" @default.
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- W2269898613 title "ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES FOR AFRICA: POTENTIAL AND PROSPECTS" @default.
- W2269898613 doi "https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096739" @default.
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