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- W2273044681 abstract "China's policy stands at the turbulent intersection of contrasting Chinese and Tibetan nationalist narratives regarding the legitimacy of Beijing's rule over the rooftop of the world. As is the case with so many conflicts of this nature, within such charged discourses the policies of the Beijing government toward the disputed region are mostly valorized or vilified with little room left for careful description or measured analysis. Moreover, much of the academic analysis and policy discussions of SinoTibetan relations are caught up in these contending discursive efforts. More pointedly, within the voluminous literature that has emerged from such studies there is a striking absence of comprehensive descriptions and compelling explanations of the evolution of Beijing's approach to the region.1 While a host of historical concerns have been slighted as a result of this tendency,2 in this paper I concentrate on developments that have taken place since the start of China's reform era (1979 to the present). This contemporary focus is warranted by the relative thinness of the literature on recent Sino-Tibetan relations and by the apparent shifts in Chinese positioning on that took place during this period. In short: any examination of Chinese policy during the reform era must begin by simply asking how much the Chinese stance has actually changed over the course of the last two decades.I contend that the basic framework of China's policy did not change during the 1980s and 1990s. On the contrary, in congruence with earlier Chinese policy, Beijing's stance on was at all times designed to ensure that the region and the people living there remained part of China. In other words: China's position on has always been grounded in concerns about defending Chinese sovereignty-what I identify as jurisdictional sovereignty-over the region. In this sense, studying China's approach to is a matter of determining how the Chinese have persistently acted to substantiate their claim to sovereignty over the rooftop of the world. Indeed, one of the main purposes of this paper is to highlight the extent to which the sovereignty issue, which has been surprisingly overlooked in the academic literature and policy analysis on Tibet, constitutes the root of the current Sino-Tibetan conflict.3Moreover, it is clear that the way in which the Chinese acted to secure such rights since 1978 have varied significantly over the course of two distinct phases. During the initial phase, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Chinese position was marked by the implementation of a pair of relatively moderate policies. First, the region was given more autonomy (in terms of Chinese recognition of its unique status within the boundaries of the People's Republic).4 Second, outright criticism of China's detractors in was largely silenced and moves were made to promote a negotiated settlement of the Tibet with the Dalai Lama (the Tibetan leader who has lived in exile in India, eventually settling in Dharamsala, since 1959)-5 Chinese actions in this phase seemed to concede that jurisdictional sovereignty was not just a privilege to be invoked by Beijing and imposed upon Tibet. Rather, it was a right that was at least partly contingent on the acceptance of Chinese rule by those within the region and the international community at large.The significance of this move should not be understated. It represented a substantial shift in the mechanisms Beijing was employing to secure its claim to the region and those living there. It also raised the hopes of many that a new chapter in Sino-Tibetan relations had begun. Its subsequent failure, therefore, resulted in a general sense among observers of a tragic loss of opportunity. But if we bear in mind that at no point in this period did Beijing budge on the crucial issue of where the right to rule resided (in Beijing, not Lhasa, or even more emphatically Dharamsala), then it is possible to see the false promise built into such developments. …" @default.
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- W2273044681 date "2004-03-30" @default.
- W2273044681 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2273044681 title "Beijing's Tibet Policy: Securing Sovereignty and Legitimacy" @default.
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