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• W2274041451 abstract "Loss of the differentiated characteristics of medial smooth muscle cells (SMC), followed by the migration of cells into the intimai layer of the artery where the cells begin to proliferate and to produce extracellular matrix is the major pathophysiological mechanism involved in the transition of fatty streak into raised fibrous plaques. Against this background, considerable interest has focused on factors affecting the phenotypic expression and growth of human SMC. These may be divided into three major categories: the genetically determined growth characteristics of SMC, the extracellular matrix of the vessel wall and polypeptide growth factors. The first set of factors dominate during the embryonic stage during which SMC appear to be genetically programmed to proliferate and to produce the extracellular matrix of the developing vessel. In the mature artery, SMC have differentiated into a contractile phenotype and the fraction of replicating cells is negligible. In response to an acute injury (such as angioplasty) or a chronic subacute injury (such as lipid infiltration and oxidation), medial SMC revert back to a synthetic non-contractile phenotype. This phenotypic modulation is believed to be activated by changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix surrounding the SMC and to be accompanied by increased migration capacity and sensitivity to chemotactic factors. Intimai SMC, expressing the synthetic phenotype, are sensitive to exogenous growth factor activation and, by studying cultured arterial SMC, a number of growth factors derived from platelets, endothelial cells, SMC and leukocytes has been identified. This chapter will focus on the matrix components that have been shown to influence the expression of SMC phenotype and the different polypeptides known to affect SMC growth." @default.
• W2274041451 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2274041451 date "1994-01-01" @default.
• W2274041451 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2274041451 title "Regulation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation during Development and Lesion Formation" @default.
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• W2274041451 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1130-0_24" @default.
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