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• W2275507699 abstract "Abstract The mainstays of cancer treatment are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy. Although each has benefits, none of them is ideal because the quality of life is compromised with all these strategies. Therefore it is not surprising that 80% of cancer patients seek alternative therapy, which includes antioxidants and other essential micronutrients (NM). We have developed new approaches to prevent cancer development, progression, and metastasis using naturally occurring NM containing lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract and other NM that act synergistically by strengthening collagen and connective tissue. It has been demonstrated that NM exhibited anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo in a number of cancer cell lines derived from organ malignancies by inhibiting several of the hallmarks of cancer, including cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and induction of apoptosis. The NM inhibited in vitro proliferation of a wide variety of cancer cells in a dose-dependent fashion. NM also inhibited growth of cancer cells implanted as xenografts in athymic mice. In addition, NM also inhibited N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis, urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis, and dimethylbenzoanthracene-induced skin carcinogenesis in rodent models. Further, NM also inhibited invasion of a variety of tumor cells through Matrigel and reduced cancer cell migration in scratch tests in a dose-dependent manner. Our studies also demonstrated that NM inhibited pulmonary, hepatic, testicular, peritoneal, splenic, kidney, and heart metastasis in mouse models. Upregulation of activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and uPA and downregulation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are associated with cancer metastasis. In a number of cancer cell lines, NM inhibited the activity of MMP-2, MMP-9, and uPA and increased the activity of TIMPs, suggesting that this could be the mechanism by which the NM exerts its effects on metastasis. Further, NM also inhibited angiogenesis in an in vivo model of the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay in a chicken embryo, inhibited b-FGF-induced vessel growth in a mouse Matrigel plug assay, inhibited blood vessel formation in tumors in a xenograft mouse model, and also inhibited capillary tube formation. At a biochemical level, NM decreased in vitro expression of pro-angiogenic factors such as VEGF, angiopoietin, b-FGF, platelet-derived growth factor, and TGFβ-1. Furthermore, NM induced apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines by upregulating and downregulating several genes including caspases and bcl2. NM also modulated inflammatory proteins Cox-2 and iNOS. In summary, these results clearly indicate that NM inhibits all the hallmarks of cancer development and offers unique benefits in fighting cancer." @default.
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• W2275507699 date "2016-01-01" @default.
• W2275507699 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2275507699 title "Nutraceuticals in Cancer Prevention" @default.
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• W2275507699 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-802147-7.00011-5" @default.
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