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• W2275982168 abstract "The prokaryotic microbial communities in hot springs have been extensively studied based on the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis. Although these pioneering studies have improved our understanding of prokaryotic communities living in high temperature environments, little is known about both bacterial and archaeal communities in the highly acidic aquatic environments. In addition, there were a few examples of reports that surveying and comparing the prokaryotic communies of distinct highly acidic hot springs displaying a wide range of environmental factors in a restricted field of geothermal area. In this study, the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis was performed to reveal bacterial and archaeal community structures and biodiversity of four distinct highly acidic hot ponds displaying a wide range of the environmental factors in a restricted field of the Kirishima geothermal area, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The four ponds were selected based on differences in temperature and the total concentration of examined chemical components: 1) Pond-A: 93°C and 58 mmol L; 2) Pond-B: 66°C and 73 mmol L; 3) Pond-C: 88°C and 6.7 mmol L; and 4) Pond-D: 67°C and 11 mmol L. Principal component analysis showed that these four ponds were clearly distinguished by different chemical compositions and temperatures. In total, 372 clones of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were analyzed and classified into 35 phylotypes. The dominant bacterial group was the class γ-Proteobacteria. The bacterial species diversity was greatest in Pond-D, and the dominant phylotype detected (37% of all clones) was closely related to Acinetobacter junii. Pond-B had the highest relative total concentration of examined chemical components, where the bacterial species diversity was the lowest despite the greatest gene diversity among the four ponds. The bacterial community was dominated by a ii phylotype closely related to Acidithiobacillus caldus as well as an uncultured species of δ-Proteobacteria in this pond. Pond-A and Pond-C had the highest relative temperatures and were dominated by a phylotype closely related to Acinetobacter johnsonii (accounted for more than 57% of the identified clones). Pond-A had the highest relative temperature, where the bacterial gene diversity was the lowest among the four ponds. On the other hand, in total, 431 clones of the archaeal 16S rRNA gene were classified into 26 phylotypes. In Pond-B, the archaeal gene diversity and the species diversity was the highest among the four, and the member of order Sulfolobales were dominant. The Pond-D also shown relatively high species diversity and the most freaquent group was uncultured thermoacidic spring clone group. In contrast to Pond-B and Pond-D, much less archaeal phylotypes were detected in Pond-A and Pond-C showing relatively high temperatures. Especially in Pond-A had the relatively high total concentration of examined chemical components, the archaeal gene diversity and the species diversity was the lowest among the four ponds.The dominant archaeal groups in these ponds were also different. The members of the order Sulfolobales shared of 89% of total clones in Pond-A, and the uncultured crenarchaeal groups shared 99% of total Pond-C clones. This study highlights the different bacterial and archaeal species composition and biodiversity in highly acidic hot ponds of a restricted field in a geothermal area characterized by different temperatures and chemical compositions. Although other environmental factors could also have influenced the bacterial and archaeal community structure and biodiversity, the present data will be helpful for improving our understanding of the prokaryotic ecology in the highly acidic ponds." @default.
• W2275982168 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2275982168 creator A5029631761 @default.
• W2275982168 date "2014-02-25" @default.
• W2275982168 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2275982168 title "PROKARYOTIC COMMUNITIES AND BIODIVERSITY IN THE HIGHLY ACIDIC HOT SPRINGS" @default.
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