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- W2279188913 abstract "Isoflavone has demonstrated many health benefits due to its weak estrogenic effect. Different isoflavone forms of soybean have its own effect on human health or in plant system. Five different experiments were carried out in order to arrive to most effective factor on isoflavone contents. First was to study 13 varieties under organic and conventional management for 4 years (2005, 06, 07, 08). Second was irrigation and nitrogen application at (R1 in 2006 and R3 in 2007) effect on two varieties (Ales and Nikir). Third was to study the effect of irrigation level on 3 varieties. Fourth was to study the plant density. Fifth was to study the effect of soil type. Isoflavone content was evaluated in both seed organs cotyledon and embryo axis (hypocotyl).In these studies the two major factors affecting the isoflavone contents were cultivar and environment. Conventional management showed high significant value on cotyledon isoflavone but did not influence hypocotyl. Hypocotyl has its own metabolic and physiological controls which can be one of the causes of some genotype by environment interaction that was observed. Hypocotyl is considered a poor source of total isoflavone 10-20% in compared with cotyledon 80-90%. Cotyledon isoflavone of single cultivar may vary up to 100% within years but may show up to 50% between management. However, hypocotyl may vary up to 20% within year and up to 10% between management. Cotyledon contains 30-50% daidzein and 50-70% genistein whereas hypocotyl contains 30-50% daidzein, 15-20% genistein, and 30-50% glycitein depend on the variety. Many varieties showed similarity in their profiles regardless the contents of each variety, which mean similarity of metabolic and the difference only preserved in quantity of expression or presence of gene silence. Maximum and daily range temperature were considered the most effective environment factor in our study. It was notable that varieties were maintaining their ranks among years and both management conventional and organic.Ales and Nikir were different in their response for irrigation in 2007, Ales showed positive accumulation under water supply whereas Nikir showed the contrast which may reveal dependency of water effect on variety. Nitrogen application effect on cotyledon isoflavone contents varied regarding to year of application. Late N application (R3, 2006) caused negative effect on isoflavone accumulation but early (R1, 2007) showed significant increment compared with none fertilized in both variety. Lateral shoot showed stable high significant value about 20% for both seed organs compared with principal shoot.In 2008 level of water supply did not reveal significant effect on isoflavone contents in cotyledon and hypocotyl. Lateral shoot showed 20% greater isoflavone contents for cotyledon and 5% in hypocotyl compared with main shoot.Plant density did not affect isoflavone contents but low density enhance ramification and consequently yield components (n° pod, pod weight and seed dry weight per plant) about 10%. Under both plant density cotyledon and hypocotyl showed higher isoflavone contents on lateral than principal shoot.Soil type showed to be an effective factor for accumulation of isoflavone due to their properties. Cotyledon total isoflavone showed negative correlation with C:N ratio whereas hypocotyl showed slight difference without significance.Interaction is more relevant on cotyledon due to its sensitivity and longer accumulation period of isoflavone compared with hypocotyl.Concluding the relevance of effects on isoflavone of different factors was in order of importance, Variety, seed organs, Environment, pod position on the plant and agronomic practices.Isoflavone contents has showed difference under certain conditions, either positive or negative regardless if that conditions were stress factor or favourable conditions for growth which mainly depend on the variety. Variety interaction with environment may result 100% difference in isoflavone contents whereas other factors may show difference up to 50%. High and low isoflavone varieties can be considered stable in their ranks and they could be recommended to certain line of production either for nutraceutical or infants food production." @default.
- W2279188913 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2279188913 date "2010-02-01" @default.
- W2279188913 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2279188913 title "Isoflavone accumulation in soybean cotyledon and hypocotyl" @default.
- W2279188913 hasPublicationYear "2010" @default.
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