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- W2279882102 abstract "Cancer stem‐like cells ( CSC ) or cancer‐initiating cells are now considered to be an important cell population related to cancer recurrence and the resistance to anti‐cancer therapy. Tumor‐associated macrophages ( TAM ) are a main component of stromal cells and are related to cancer progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cc RCC ). Because the detailed mechanisms allowing the maintenance of CSC in cancer tissues remain unclear, we investigated the relationship between TAM and CD 44‐expressing cancer cells in cc RCC . CD 44 was used as a marker for CSC , and CD 163 and CD 204 were used as markers for TAM . CD 44‐positive cancer cells were detected in 37 of the 103 cases. Although statistical analysis showed no relationship between CD 44‐positive cancer cells and the clinical course, the distribution of CD 44‐positive cancer cells was significantly associated with a high density of TAM . Our in vitro study using RCC cell lines and human macrophages demonstrated that CD 44 expression was upregulated by direct co‐culture with macrophages. Silencing of TNF ‐alpha on macrophages abrogated the upregulation of CD 44 expression in cancer cells. Macrophage‐induced CD 44 overexpression was also suppressed by NF ‐κB inhibitors. These results suggest that TNF ‐alpha derived from TAM is linked to CD 44 overexpression via NF ‐κB signaling in cc RCC ." @default.
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- W2279882102 date "2016-04-14" @default.
- W2279882102 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2279882102 title "Infiltration of tumor‐associated macrophages is involved in <scp>CD</scp> 44 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma" @default.
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- W2279882102 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.12917" @default.
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