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• W2285197004 abstract "The Brazilian AIDS Program is internationally renowned for its controversial and successful public policies to curb the spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic. Integrating treatment and prevention initiatives resulted in steep declines in mortality and morbidity, decreases in hospitalization, andalso dramatic improvements in life expectancy for people living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil. AIDS prevention programs for injecting drug users (IDUs) include needle exchange programs in which IDUs exchange used needles for new ones in order to reduce the circulation of needles putativelycontaminated with HIV (AIDS virus).This doctoral dissertation explored the milestones, accomplishments and challenges of the Brazilian response to HIV/AIDS prevention among IDUs during the last 12 years. It explores the relationship between drug policy at the domestic and international level as well as changes in public policies related to HIV/AIDS prevention among IDUs in Brazil in this time period.This doctoral dissertation analyzed the Brazilian experience to curb the HIV/AIDS epidemic among IDUs. The method applied was process tracing – historical analysis – to explore the formulation and implementation of HIV/AIDS prevention policies between 1995 and 2007. Thistimeframe was adopted because these projects were effectively implemented in 1995. Different information was collected from secondary databases from the National STD AIDS Program, as well as from documental research.The first attempt to implement AIDS prevention projects among IDUs was at the local level; however, it was only with the World Bank loans to the National AIDS Program that these projects became national in scope. Basic tenets of Brazilian prevention programs among IDUsincluded 1) World Bank loans that emphasized prevention initiatives with this specific population as a cost-effective way to fight the HIV/AIDS epidemic in developing countries; 2) the centralized, vertical NAP and its ability to induce policies, prioritizing pragmatic public health initiatives to prevent HIV transmission among IDUs; and 3) implementation of these preventionprojects by civil society groups. It is clear that over these 12 years there was a shift in the position of the Brazilian government – executive and legislative – supporting a less repressive drug policy at domestic and internationallevel; integration of prevention initiatives for IDU within the National Health System; and strengthens of a large coalition supporting these public policies in Brazil.Epidemiological studies of HIV/AIDS among IDU in Brazil document a substantial reduction of the epidemic in this population in most Brazilian regions, suggesting that these prevention programs have indeed been successful. It is, however, impossible to clearly define the role ofthese prevention initiatives in control AIDS epidemic among IDU since no monitoring and evaluation of these projects was conducted. The main challenges to prevent AIDS among IDU in Brazil are: transfer of the responsibility to finance and implement these projects to states andmunicipalities; integration of these policies within the National Health System, and its lack of monitoring and evaluation." @default.
• W2285197004 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2285197004 creator A5089215094 @default.
• W2285197004 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W2285197004 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2285197004 title "Resposta brasileira à epidemia de HIV/AIDS entre usuários de drogas injetáveis, 1995-2007: marcos, avanços e desafios" @default.
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