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• W2289713039 abstract "Reviewed by: Autobiographical Writing by Early Modern Hispanic Women by Elizabeth Teresa Howe John N. Crossley Howe, Elizabeth Teresa, Autobiographical Writing by Early Modern Hispanic Women (Women and Gender in the Early Modern World), Farnham, Ashgate, 2015; hardback; pp. 320; 12 b/w illustrations; R.R.P. £70.00; ISBN 9781472435774. Elizabeth Teresa Howe’s thoughtful and insightful new book explores female autobiographical writing (specifically ‘authoring’, present participle, as opposed to ‘writings’, plural noun) in the early modern Hispanic world. She provides an engaging and comprehensive survey of theoretical studies on women’s writings, in this case from Spain and Mexico, in a period running from 1360 to nearly 1660. The women she chooses are certainly notable, sometimes notorious, and include both nuns and laywomen. It is unsurprising that the majority are nuns: the convent was one place where women could learn to read and write. What they wrote and how they wrote it are Howe’s main concerns. ‘Autobiographical’ has many interpretations. The first chapter provides a thorough canvassing of the possibilities discussed in recent (and earlier) literature and very sensibly refrains from giving a formal definition. There is good reason for this as Chapter 5 demonstrates: the writing of Catalina de Erauso does not fit easily into the definitions considered, though it is clearly personal and the adjective ‘autobiographical’ seems perfectly appropriate to this reviewer. Chapters 2 to 6 consider nearly a dozen women and their autobiographical texts. Among these, I mention only a few. Leonor López de Córdoba, who was at times in the Castilian court and probably writing around 1412, narrates her trials and tribulations in the hope of improving her lot. Sister Teresa de Cartagena, writing half a century later, is on the other hand confined by both the convent and her deafness. The much better known Teresa of Ávila has been much discussed and Howe gives a good overview. The context here is amplified by the existence of biographies of the saint as well as her own writings. Moreover, such writings were printed and circulated widely. This definitely affects perceptions. [End Page 308] Teresa’s spiritual daughter, Ana de San Bartolomé, was quite outspoken in her autobiographical writings. The decidedly unsaintly Catalina de Erauso lived not very much later. Having entered a convent at a tender age, she abandoned it to pursue a military career disguised as a man, and what a life! Scepticism has been expressed about her very existence, but there seems little doubt she was real. Her writing is confessional; after a violent life she saves her life by revealing her sex. Her two relaciones were published; they are quite short but oddly not explicitly listed in the bibliography. Finally, there is a very long chapter on Sister Juana Inés de la Cruz, a Mexican nun who was writing at the end of the seventeenth century. Much has been written about her, and readers with previous acquaintance with such work will find this chapter more useful than the general reader. The book’s important conclusion, which is very short, is discussed below. For each of these women, there are many unanswered questions about the role of men, particularly confessors, who varied from instigators to influencers and, given the context, or should I say lack of it, it is not always clear to what extent they affected the women. The subtle oratory whereby Teresa of Ávila ‘asserts her license to write what she will’ shows that their influences may not have been as effective as some men might have desired (p. 64). Though Howe provides some discussion of the environments in which these women lived and wrote, more would have been welcome. In particular there is the question: which of these women actually wrote, that is to say, put pen to paper? It seems unlikely that Catalina de Erauso did so, since she left the convent very early. Further, while nuns might learn to read, since that could help with their religious understanding, writing was a completely separate skill, usually acquired only after learning to read. The role of the actual scribe is not discussed, so the book seems best described as being about authoring. Howe writes well but..." @default.
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• W2289713039 title "Autobiographical Writing by Early Modern Hispanic Women by Elizabeth Teresa Howe" @default.
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