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• W2290111645 abstract "Lithium-ion batteries have become the choice of power source for portable electronic devices due to their higher energy density compared to the other rechargeable battery systems. They are also being pursued intensively for automotive and stationary storage applications. However, the currently used graphite anode has the drawbacks of limited capacity and safety concerns. Particularly, the chemical instability arising from the formation of solid-electrolyte interfacial (SEI) layer by a reaction of the carbon anode surface with the electrolyte and the lithium plating on the SEI layer due to a charge/discharge potential close to that of Li/Li pose serious safety concerns. These difficulties have created enormous interest in the development of alternate anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Among the various possible anode alternatives pursued, crystalline TiO2 (335 mAh/g) have been suggested as one of the most promising candidates to replace graphite due to its excellent physicochemical properties and environmentally benign. In the TiO2 crystal structure, the TiO6 octahedra share vertices and edges to build a three-dimensional framework, leaving favorable empty sites available for lithium insertion. Accordingly, TiO2 can accommodate theoretically one lithium per formula unit as LixTiO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), involving the Ti redox couple. TiO2 for lithium ion batteries offers several attractive features such as a low volume change (~ 4%) during the charge-discharge process, abundant, low production cost, and low toxicity. Interestingly, with an operating voltage well above that of Li/Li and less surface reactivity with the electrolyte, it offers better safety than graphite. Although the working potential of TiO2 is high for a negative electrode, its electrochemical stability in common electrolytes and the absence of formation of harmful solid-electrolyte interfacial (SEI) layers result in better overcharge protection and safety. With a well-known phases, various crystalline phases such as rutile, brookite, TiO2 (B), and anatase have been identified for crystalline TiO2. The rutile phase is the thermodynamically most stable under standard conditions. In the case of micrometer sized rutile particles, only a small amount of lithium (0.1 0.25 per formula) could be inserted into the lattice. The brookite phase is the least stable so that only few studies have been devoted to its use lithium ion batteries due to its difficulty in preparing. TiO2 (B) is monoclinic, and the kinetics of reaction of microfibrous TiO2 (B) with lithium ion has recently been reported to be controlled by a pseudocapacitive faradaic process. Anatase phase is metastable, but anatase and rutile phase are generally considered to be the lithium ion host among the various polymorphs of TiO2, which have been extensively studied [1]. To gain theoretical capacity stability, however, they should be achieved by the use of nanostructured TiO2 materials. The nanomaterials play a major role in energy storage devices due to their increased electrochemical activity. It also has a flip side, nevertheless, such as low volumetric energy density and more significant side reaction corresponding with high electrolyte/electrode surface area. A wide variety of approaches have been pursued to develop some novel and unexpected properties over the years for the synthesis of polymorphs of TiO2 nanomaterials such as nanorods, nanowires, and nanotubes, nanoflowers, including, precipitation, hydrothermal reaction, sol-gel process, solution-phase reaction, and templating methods. Particularly, there is an increased activity worldwide in utilizing the 1-, 2-, and 3dimensional nanostructured material to improve the performance of the lithium ion batteries. Nanostructured TiO2 material with large surface area accommodates the strain occurring during cycling and readily access to electrolyte which leads to reduce diffusion pathway for electronic/ionic transport, resulting in excellent power density [2,3]. Accordingly, this study focuses on the synthesis and characterization by developing mesoporous TiO2 with nitrogen adsorption on the surface. This surface modification will achieve the aim of enhanced performance without sacrificing safety and battery life characteristics. We will report in detail about the latest results achieved on the mesoporous TiO2 sphere with nitrogen adsorption for use as anodes in lithium-ion batteries." @default.
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• W2290111645 date "2011-01-01" @default.
• W2290111645 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2290111645 title "Mesoporous TiO2 Sphere with Nitrogen Adsorption for Lithium-Ion Batteries" @default.
• W2290111645 doi "https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2011-02/7/383" @default.
• W2290111645 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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