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• W2290820119 abstract "Inception of urban planning in Iran has coincided to Modern movement and strongly has been affected by its concepts until now. The policy of establishing new town is one of most important concept in last five decades. It seems that this policy in Iran is in close relationship with the goals of establishing new towns in some other countries, especially in Britain. Building new towns has considered in two main sectors: pre-revolution (1979) and post-revolution (1979). The main objectives and methods in these sections are different. Before the revolution new towns were constructed based on political, security aims or in regard to operation of huge oil reserves and oil affiliated industries. After the revolution the objectives of building new towns turned out to be the control of population in large cities, decentralization of large cities, absorption overflow of population and house supplication for low-income people. However new urban developments have been allocated with a definite distance from main cities or even connected to them (many gardens and fertile farmlands have been destroyed due to development of such towns).The survey indicates that most of new towns have merely succeeded to attract less population as they planned. The new towns have generally failed to achieve the 10 year envisaged goals and have converted into housing warehouses. At present, 17 new towns have been able to attract only 320,548 persons. These statistics introduce these towns as undesirable places. The most important problems in these towns are as follow: (a) Uniform house and public space pattern (b) Social and cultural conflicts (contradictions) (c) Lack commercial, administrative and health services (d) Poor quality of construction, architecture and urban design (e) Inefficient public transportation (f) High energy consumption (g) Lack of social interactions (h) Absence of sense of place (i) Poor relationship between human, built environment and natural environment (j) Car-based life (k) Lack of social capital ( l) Poor pedestrian facilities Natural environment demolish (j) More deterioration of inner city (in connected new towns).All of these detected problems can be called generally “unsustainability” that causes loss of quality of life. Lack of vision for integrating different social, cultural and economic dimensions of urban life in a sustainable framework by planners, designers and urban management is one of the main reasons of this problem. Iran population will reach 130 million in 2021. It’s estimated that about 74 percent of total population will live in urban areas that time, that is, Iran’s urban population is estimated to increase about 96 million. So the country will need about twice land level of all existing cities to settle the additional 70 population in the next years (between 1986-2021). Regarding to this, establishing new towns is necessity of urban planning and urban design in Iran." @default.
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• W2290820119 date "2012-12-21" @default.
• W2290820119 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2290820119 title "Codification Framework of Planning and Design New Towns in Iran to Achieve Sustainable Urban Areas Case Study: Baharestan, Iran" @default.
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