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- W2292996571 abstract "Bitter orange ( Citrus aurantium ) extract and its primary protoalkaloid p ‐synephrine are widely consumed in combination with multiple herbal ingredients for weight management and sports performance. p ‐Synephrine is also present in juices and foods derived from a variety of Citrus species. Questions exist regarding the safety of p ‐synephrine because of structural similarities with other biogenic amines. This study assessed the cardiovascular (stimulatory) effects of bitter orange extract (49‐mg p ‐synephrine) given to 18 healthy subjects (nine men and nine women) in a double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled cross‐over study. Heart rates, blood pressures, and electrocardiograms were determined at baseline, 30, 60, 90 min, 2, 4 , 6, and 8 h. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, 2 h and 8 h for serum chemistries, blood cell counts, and p ‐synephrine and caffeine levels. No significant changes occurred in electrocardiograms, heart rates, systolic blood pressure, blood chemistries, or blood cell counts at any time point in either control or p ‐synephrine treated group. A small (4.5 mmHg) decrease in diastolic blood pressure occurred in the p ‐synephrine treated group at 60 min. No adverse effects were reported. Caffeine ingestion varied markedly among the participants. p ‐Synephrine does not act as a stimulant at the dose used. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd." @default.
- W2292996571 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2292996571 date "2016-03-07" @default.
- W2292996571 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
- W2292996571 title "Cardiovascular Safety of Oral<i>p</i>-Synephrine (Bitter Orange) in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Cross-over Clinical Trial" @default.
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- W2292996571 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5590" @default.
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