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- W2297331176 abstract "Zero point fluctuations of the charge on the capacitance of a tunnel junction connected to a bias circuit are in almost all experimental situations larger than the electron charge. As a consequence, the effects of charge granularity are hidden, but in circuits with islands, which are electrodes connected to the rest of the circuit only through tunnel junctions and capacitors. The island charge being quantized, its fluctuations are blocked. If the island capacitance is sufficiently small, no electron can enter the island because of the increase of electrostatic energy that would occur. We have observed this effect, called Coulomb blockade, in the single electron box, where an island is formed between a tunnel junction and a capacitor. A bias voltage source coupled to the island through the capacitor allows to control the number of electrons. We have designed and operated two devices with nanoscale tunnel junctions based on this principle, the turnstile and the pump, through which the current is controlled electron by electron. In our experiments, the precision of the transfer is of the order of one percent. It should be a million time better in versions of these devices with more junctions. One could then use them for a new measurement of the fine structure constant alpha." @default.
- W2297331176 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2297331176 date "1991-09-16" @default.
- W2297331176 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2297331176 title "Coulomb blockade and transfer of electrons one by one" @default.
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