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• W2299333116 abstract "In the following chapters, factors that influencelabor market outcomes and assimilation of immigrants in the UnitedStates are analyzed in an economic framework. The channels studiedinclude the impact of larger flows of immigrants on the wages ofother immigrants from the same countries, the effects of marrying anative or on labor market outcomes of immigrantwomen and the impact of age of arrival to the U.S. on Englishproficiency and education of immigrant children. Immigration is amatter of current economic and socio-political debate all over theworld, and the results presented in the following chapters are ofparticular interest to policy-makers and economists who designdomestic and foreign policies. For all the work in this thesis,I use data from the U.S. decennial Censuses which are rich sourcesof information on the characteristics of immigrants. Chapter oneprovides a motivation and an overview for the research in chapterstwo through four. The second chapter studies the wage-gap profiles,vis-a-vis natives, of a rapidly growing group of new Asianimmigrants from countries which were under-represented in theUnited States until 1965. While entry-level wage gaps increase andassimilation rates fall across cohorts, the unique feature of thenew Asian profile is that the wage gap widens for all cohorts afterthe second decade of stay. For other immigrant groups, wage gapsimprove throughout their working life. I use an impact ofimmigration argument to investigate the different curvature ofnew Asian wage-gap profiles. If occupations are imperfectsubstitutes, and natives and immigrants are worse substitutes thanentrant and established immigrants within occupations, then thecomparatively larger increases in occupation-specific new Asianinflows will have a greater negative impact on the wages of newAsians, compared to other groups. The explanation is studied in anested constant elasticity of substitution (CES) framework.Elasticity parameters are estimated using cross-metropolitanvariations in occupational and immigrant labor supply. The paperfollows Card (2009) to create an instrument for regional laborsupplies. Finally, to assess the power of this explanation, I usemodel estimates from 1990 to predict the wage gap between nativesand Asians in 2000 that can be attributed to competition fromincreased supply of substitutes. For each occupation, the predictedwage gap is larger than the real gap – the difference arises fromgains in quality in the 1990s made possible by an immigrationpolicy that favored high-skill labor. The third chapter looks atthe impact of intermarriage on the labor market outcomes of Asianwomen, who are a rapidly growing group of immigrants in U.S.A.Marriage to a native is believed to boost labor market outcomes byencouraging human capital accumulation of immigrants (Meng &Gregory (2005)). However, any estimates of the effects ofintermarriage are plagued by selection and endogeneity concerns. Icorrect for these problems by using two…" @default.
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• W2299333116 date "2011-01-01" @default.
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• W2299333116 title "Essays on Immigration" @default.
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