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- W2300833611 abstract "Major issues challenging the sustainability of conventional flooded rice systems in Pakistan are: low inputconversion efficiencies, productivity stagnation, rising costs of production, and shortage of water, labour,and energy. An emerging opportunity is an alternative, eco-efficient production system called ‘aerobic rice’,which entails the growing of direct-seeded crops in non-puddled fields under non-flooded conditions. Ecoefficiencyis about achieving more agricultural output per unit of input, through substitution of productionfactors including knowledge. We evaluated the aerobic rice system in Punjab, Pakistan from biophysicaland socio-technological perspectives employing a combined approach of experimentation (i.e. field trialson resource-use efficiencies and growth chamber studies on phenology) and farmer surveys. Our findingssuggest that the aerobic rice system is a rational approach for improving the eco-efficiencies of water, labour,and energy. However, for subtropical conditions, the knowledge-intensive system is still very much in thedevelopment phase, thus requiring a thorough understanding of the entry points (i.e. opportunities andthreats). Based on our findings, the entry points for aerobic rice systems are: availability of fine grain basmati varieties; savings on water, labour, and energy; net profitability; extension outreach programmes to raiseawareness among farmers; good quality biocides; prospective areas for crop diversification; optimisationof agronomic practices such as seed rate, water, and fertiliser inputs; land levelling; and mechanicalinterventions for appropriate seeding and weeding. In order to balance production and sustainability, risks ofcrop failure can be reduced by optimisation of scarce resources and provision of suitable genotypes." @default.
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- W2300833611 date "2015-01-01" @default.
- W2300833611 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2300833611 title "Entry points for eco-efficient aerobic rice production system in Punjab, Pakistan" @default.
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