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- W2300924428 abstract "The bipyridinium herbicide paraquat, and related compounds such as diquat, interact with photosystem I of chloroplast electron transport. This leads to an inhibition of NADP+ reduction and hence carbon dioxide incorporation. The one electron reduction of the herbicide is followed by the generation of superoxide. Unscavenged superoxide yields the toxic hydroxyl radical that instigates membrane damage and cell death. In the last 15 years, a number of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous biotypes have been identified that tolerate the normally toxic level of paraquat. Apart from Lolium perenne, identified in a breeding programme, the other biotypes from Egypt, Hungary, Japan, Australia and UK have arisen as a result of extensive use of paraquat in plantations for up to 10 to 20 years. The mechanisms involved in paraquat tolerance are discussed in relationship to the evidence for limited uptake or sequestration, to a failure to interact with the photosynthetic electron transport chain, or to an enhanced level of oxygen radical scavenging enzymes. Evidence at present suggests that limited movement or sequestration is the primary mechanism of tolerance in most biotypes." @default.
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- W2300924428 date "1991-01-01" @default.
- W2300924428 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2300924428 title "MECHANISMS OF PARAQUAT TOLERANCE" @default.
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- W2300924428 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-1101-5.50015-2" @default.
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