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- W2301333506 abstract "Unlike open, flat rural areas, urban areas are comparatively more inhomogeneous because of the diversified shape/height of broad spectrum of buildings. Therefore, the mechanism of flows and pollutant dispersion, especially at the near-ground level, are complicated by this random geometry in which a detailed investigation is required in its parameterization. In this study, physical modelling in a wind tunnel is employed to study the ventilation and air pollution problems over urban areas. Rectangular aluminium bars are used to model the flat-roof buildings of 25-mm height. Reduced-scale models of different urban surfaces are formed by varying the building-height-to-street-width (aspect) ratio (ARs) among the buildings. Measurements over the aforementioned hypothetical urban surfaces of ARs 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/10, and 1/12 are performed in the wind tunnel in our department. The prevailing wind speed is kept at 2.5m sec and the instrumentation is an in-house made 90 X-hot wire anemometry. All the data collections are handled by the National Instruments (NI) data acquisition modules, NI 9239 and CompactDAQ-9188 hardware. The velocity calculation is carried out in the post-processing stage on a digital computer. Preliminary results show that the near-ground turbulence behaviour (within 2 to 5 times of the building height h measuring from the roof level) is sensitive to the changes in AR. The wider the streets (decrease in AR), the higher is the turbulence level. The streetlevel ventilation performance, which is measured by the air exchange rate (ACH), is found to be improved (increased ACH) with decreasing AR. A broad peak of ACH is observed in-between ARs 1/8, 1/10, and 1/12, suggesting the importance of fresh air entrainment to urban ventilation. The total ACH is further decomposed into its mean and turbulent components. Consistent with our previous large-eddy simulation (LES) results, it is found that urban ventilation is dominated by the turbulent component, i.e. air masses are driven by atmospheric turbulence (at least 80% of the total ACH). Additional measurements are currently undertaken on a variety of ARs and uneven building height to elucidate the complicated ventilation and pollutant removal mechanism over urban areas." @default.
- W2301333506 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2301333506 date "2013-01-01" @default.
- W2301333506 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2301333506 title "Experimental modelling of flows over various idealized urban roughness elements" @default.
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