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- W2302862753 abstract "What should all students know about the physical sciences? should all students have a basic understanding of these ideas? An amazing number of new scientific breakthroughs have occurred in the last 20 years that impact our daily lives: genetics, nanoscience, and digital technologies, among many others. In addition, we have a much greater understanding of how students learn than ever before. With these breakthroughs, both in science and in how students learn science (NRC 2007), the National Research Council developed A Framework for K-12 Science Education (NRC 2012) to guide the development of the Next Generation of Science Standards (NGSS), scheduled for release this spring, that will provide direction in science teaching and learning. The overall goal of the Framework and NGSS is to help all learners in our nation develop the science and engineering understanding that they need to live successful, informed, and productive lives and that will help them create a sustainable planet for future generations. The physical science core ideas are critical to this effort. The NGSS make use of five key ideas from the Frame-work: (1) limited number of core ideas (2) crosscutting concepts, (3) engaging in scientific and engineering practices, (4) the integration or coupling of core ideas and scientific practices to develop performance expectations, and (5) an ongoing developmental process. The scientific and engineering practices and crosscutting concepts have been discussed in earlier NSTA publications (Bybee 2011, Duschl 2012) and are summarized in the sidebar. In addition, an exploration of the life sciences core idea (Bybee 2013) appeared in the February edition of this journal. In this article, I will focus on the disciplinary core ideas in physical science, the development of those ideas across time, the importance of blending core ideas with scientific and engineering practices to build understanding, and the development of performance expectations. The Framework and the NGSS focus on a limited number of core ideas of science and engineering both within and across the science disciplines that are essential to explain and predict a host of phenomena that students will encounter in their daily lives but that will also allow them to continue to learn more throughout their lives. Core ideas are powerful in that they are central to the disciplines of science, provide explanations of phenomena, and are the building blocks for learning within a discipline (Stevens, Sutherland, and Krajcik 2009). By focusing on ideas in depth, students learn the connections between concepts and principles so that they can apply their understanding to as yet unencountered situations, forming what is known as integrated understanding (Fortus and Krajcik 2011). Supporting students in learning integrated understanding is critical as it allows learners to solve real-world problems and to further develop understanding. The physical science core ideas The core ideas in physical science will allow learners to answer important questions such as How can we make new materials? Why do some things appear to keep going, but others stop? and How can information be shipped around wirelessly. Moreover, many phenomena, regardless of the discipline, require some level of understanding of physical and chemical ideas. An understanding of chemical reactions and the properties of elements and compounds serves as foundational knowledge for the life sciences and the Earth and space sciences. Explaining photosynthesis and respiration depends upon an understanding of chemical reactions. Understanding energy transfer is critical for explaining many phenomena in the life sciences and in the Earth and space sciences. Explaining ideas like photosynthesis and plate tectonics depend upon understanding of energy transfer. Explaining how the planets revolve around the Sun depends on understanding gravitational force. Explaining why some materials are attracted to each other while others are not depends upon an understanding of electrical forces. …" @default.
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- W2302862753 date "2013-03-01" @default.
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- W2302862753 title "The Next Generation Science Standards: A Focus on Physical Science." @default.
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