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- W23044073 abstract "Publisher Summary This chapter explores that the mountains of Kurdistan are a portion of the Taurus-Zagros mountain arc that extends through southern Turkey, northern Iraq, and southwestern Iran and separates the Anatolian-Iranian plateaux from the Mesopotamian lowland. The crest reaches elevations of 3000-4000 m in the segment, from the Cilo Dagh area in south-eastern Turkey, for 250 km to the Algurd Dagh area in northern Iraq. South-eastward the crestal elevation descends to 2200-2800 m, but in the Zardeh Kuh of southern Iran it again locally reaches 4000 m. The highest part of the range is generally in the belt of metamorphic rocks. The outer ridges are formed mostly by long folds of Mesozoic limestone, giving way in the foothills to folds in sediments, as young as Pliocene. Within Kurdistan, the ranges are cut transversely by four major tributaries of the Tigris River— namely, the Khabur, Greater Zab, Lesser Zab, and Diyala Rivers. South-eastward along the range in Irma, where the crests of the ridges are generally less than 3000 m, the forest cover extends farther inland and terminates in what may be considered an inner treeline, where the precipitation is about 500 mm and the elevation about 1300–1500 m. Despite the evidence for markedly different climatic conditions in Kurdistan during the last glacial phase of the Pleistocene, there is little evidence that climatic change near the Pleistocene was critical in the evolution of early man from hunters to farmers and herders. In any case, the Pleistocene climatic changes may have involved only an altitudinal shifting of the life zones within the Kurdish mountains and foothills and the Mesopotamian piedmont, and that even during the glacial period there were natural habitats suitable for the animals and plants destined to be domesticated as soon as man reached the requisite cultural level." @default.
- W23044073 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W23044073 date "2004-01-01" @default.
- W23044073 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W23044073 title "Pleistocene Glaciation of Iraq" @default.
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- W23044073 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0866(04)80126-x" @default.
- W23044073 hasPublicationYear "2004" @default.
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