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• W2308374062 abstract "A citrate transport system in B. subtilis was studied as the first step in investigation of trans-membrane transport by gram-positive bacteria. The possibility of isolating clean membranes together with genetic methods (transduction and transformation) seems to make B. subtilis an ideal organism for this work. However, no transport system had yet been well characterized in this organism. Citrate was chosen after a preliminary survey because it has an active transport system whose activity could be increased by induction. Induction kinetics were typical, activity of the transport system rising sharply after a few minutes' lag. Furthermore, the system could be gratuitous, that is the cells were unaffected by the consequences of transport in an aconitase-negative mutant growing in rich medium. This mutant formed the transport system at a high level in the absence of added citrate, owing to the accumulation of endogenous citrate. The maximal velocity was high, 145 μmoles/min/g dry weight of cells at 37°C and KM (2.3 mM) was large. An extensive series of inhibitor studies was carried out to determine the specificity of the system. It was found to be limited to several di- and tri-carboxylic acids, fundamentally ones related to malate. The activity of the transport system was largely retained by protoplasts. Membrane vesicles' activity was much reduced (200-fold) but so also was serine transport activity. Hence, citrate transport probably resides in the membrane, and it does not include an essential, easily released component such as a binding protein. The high KM of the system precluded direct binding measurements. The role of phospholipid synthesis in creation of the citrate transport system was studied in a glycerol-requiring mutant deprived of glycerol. Induction continued for at least a half-hour; during this period the cells did not synthesize phospholipids de novo. Thus, B. subtilis does not need net glycerol-lipid synthesis in order to incorporate the citrate transport system into its membrane. Properties of this system are briefly compared with those for transport of di- and tri-carboxylic acids in other organisms." @default.
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• W2308374062 date "1972-01-01" @default.
• W2308374062 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2308374062 title "CITRATE TRANSPORT BY BACILLUS SUBTILIS" @default.
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• W2308374062 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-761250-8.50015-x" @default.
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