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- W2308461167 abstract "Since the advent of democracy in 1994, the South African government has created an enabling environment for poor people to benefit from new pos - sibilities and opportunities through democratic reforms. Governance reforms in South Africa's fisheries have aimed to broaden access to marine resources, main - tain a stable, international competitive fishing industry and to achieve sustain - ability of marine resources. This paper argues that the Individual Transferable Quota ( itq ) system of allocating fishing rights, which was used to maintain stabil - ity in the fishing industry, reform the sector through Black Economic Empower - ment ( bee) and reduce poverty through allocating small quotas to new entrants in poor fishing communities, is incompatible with achieving social justice. The goal of social equity is in conflict with achieving sustainability and stability when reallocating fishing rights. The allocation system failed to allocate, recognise and protect the historical and cultural rights of the artisanal and small-scale fishers to practice their livelihoods. This has led neither to social justice, nor benefited the poor, marginalised and bona fide fishers of coastal communities. The fishers left outside the itq system reorganised in order to defend their socio-political right to practice their livelihoods and launched a class action case against the rights allocation policy." @default.
- W2308461167 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2308461167 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W2308461167 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2308461167 title "individual transferable quotas, poverty alleviation and challenges for small-country fisheries policy in South Africa" @default.
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