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- W2308498104 abstract "Dewatered sewage sludge was upgraded to hydrochar using hydrothermal conversion in sub- and near-critical water. Three characteristic temperature regimes responsible for the upgrading were identified. Drastic hydrolysis of carbohydrates, amide II or secondary amines occurred at 200°C while noticeable decarboxylation initiated above 260°C. Elevated temperature improved porosity but did not induce higher surface area. Aliphatic C was mainly transformed to aromatic hydrocarbon rather than aromatic C-O in subcritical water, whereas COO/N-CO and aromatic C-O were decomposed to carbohydrate C at 380°C. Below 300°C, carbon functionalities in hydrochars were thermally stable and faster decomposition of N than C-(C,H) resulted in dramatic decline of N/C. Above 300°C, C-H was gradually polymerized to aromatic C-(C,H) which was considerably transformed to C-(O,N) and C-H at 380°C. CaO favored intense destruction of aromatic C-C/C-H, anomeric O-C-O, C-H and C-(O,N) functionalities but introduced more aromatic C-O and OC-O." @default.
- W2308498104 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2308498104 date "2016-07-01" @default.
- W2308498104 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W2308498104 title "Multiscale characteristics dynamics of hydrochar from hydrothermal conversion of sewage sludge under sub- and near-critical water" @default.
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- W2308498104 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.110" @default.
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