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• W2308559171 abstract "Modeling Indoor Contaminant Dispersion Darrell W. Pepper1 and Xiuling Wang2 Extended Abstract The study of indoor air pollution requires understanding fundamental principles of fluid mechanics, species transport, heat transfer, and systems engineering. Buildings have become complex entities with considerable electronic control features embedded within the structures. Of particular concern are issues involving contaminants that routinely enter or lie dormant within building interiors, and their affects upon human health. Articles can be commonly found in newspapers printed throughout the world describing groups of people becoming sick while staying in a hotel, cruising on a ship, or travelling in planes or buses. Efforts to define and describe pollutant transport within buildings and interiors has become complex. Modeling pollutant transport within indoor environments now requires computational methods and techniques that were utilized only in research laboratories a few years ago. Knowledge of fundamental principles of ventilation and building systems, including HVAC, must now be coupled with computational fluid dynamics techniques in order to accurately assess human health and predicting contaminant transport. Toxic fumes and airborne diseases are known to produce undesirable odors, eye and nose irritations, sickness, and occasionally death. Other products such as tobacco smoke and carbon monoxide can also have serious health effects on people exposed to a poorly ventilated environment; studies indicate that indirect or passive smoking can also lead to lung cancer. Recommendations for outdoor airflow rates to dilute indoor polluted air vary considerably. In recent years there has been extensive activity in the development and use of CFD tools and special programs for room air movement and contaminant transport applications. These investigations range from the prediction of air jet diffusion, air velocity and temperature distribution in rooms, spread of contamination in enclosures, to fire and smoke spread inside buildings. In most cases the predicted results have been promising when compared to available experimental data. However, numerical modeling of ventilation and associated interior contaminant transport is still at an early stage of development. A considerable amount of research and development work is still needed, particularly in the areas of efficient computational schemes, irregular and adaptive grids, turbulence modeling and wall functions. One of the earliest attempts to numerically simulate airflow in rooms was conducted by Nielsen (1974) using the stream function-vorticity approach for the de-" @default.
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• W2308559171 date "2007-09-01" @default.
• W2308559171 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2308559171 title "Modeling Indoor Contaminant Dispersion" @default.
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