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• W231099014 abstract "Cooperation among government officials, scientists, conservationists, and the public is helping to restore the Chesapeake Bay. As she looked out over the marsh, across Hooper Strait to Bloodsworth Island, Ann Swanson said, I'm proud and troubled all at once. Swanson--who is executive director of the Chesapeake Bay Commission, a legislative body established in 1980 to advise the legislators of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia--was talking to a group of state environmental officials, scientists, and conservationists about the future of the bay. It was a Friday morning in October 2000. We had gathered on the second-story porch of the Chesapeake Bay Foundation's Karen Noonan Environmental Education Center, at the southern tip of the Dorchester County mainland on Maryland's Eastern Shore. We had caught our dinner the night before and had begun the morning early by bird watching and canoeing the marshes. Now it was time for some serious talk about the health of the Chesapeake Bay and the Susquehanna River, and about the provisions of Chesapeake 2000, the new Chesapeake Bay Agreement. This voluntary pledge between the governors of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, the mayor of Washington, D.C., the Chesapeake Bay Commission, and the administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recognizes that piecemeal efforts differing from state-to-state will never protect and restore an ecosystem this large. The original agreement--which is now nearly 20 years old, although it was updated in 1987--set common goals and a framework for achieving them. Though not enforceable by law, it has been the centerpiece of a remarkable environmental turnaround. Swanson was the perfect leader for such a discussion. She headed the team that drafted the new agreement, shepherding it carefully over two years through public hearings and tough negotiations. She played key roles in several initiatives of earlier Chesapeake Bay agreements, including a ban on phosphate detergents. Her pride is justified, but she has a right to be troubled, too. The long drafting process, which included exhaustive public input, clearly highlighted the Chesapeake's problems. The bay's health is on a plateau, with progress slowing down after 15 years of modest improvements. This is a critical year for the agreement, Swanson emphasized. Many of the bay improvements made to date have been the low-hanging fruit. Solutions to complex and politically charged issues, such as further reducing nutrient pollution and curtailing suburban sprawl's devastating impacts, are still elusive. A Bay of Significance Protecting and restoring the Chesapeake Bay is a massive undertaking. It is North Americas largest estuary and the third largest in the world. The bay's watershed spans 64,000-square miles (166,000-square kilometers) across six states and the District of Columbia. The headwaters fill Lake Osego at Cooperstown, New York. Flowing downhill, the waters meet the Atlantic in southeastern Virginia. The Chesapeake Bay is actually the valley of the lower Susquehanna River, an estuary drowned by the Atlantic as sea level rose over the past 15,000 years. The result is a shallow, tidal settling basin with an average depth of 21 feet (6.5 meters). The Susquehanna/Chesapeake system is about four times larger than the next largest Atlantic Coast river system, the Connecticut. Its largest tributaries, the Potomac and the James, are major rivers in their own right. All told, 19 rivers and 400 smaller tributaries feed the Chesapeake. This sprawling complex of tidal rivers provides a major source of seafood, transportation, and recreational opportunities. The main stem runs 180 miles (290 kilometers) from the mouth of the Susquehanna to Cape Charles and Cape Henry in Virginia, including more than 4,600 miles of shoreline. More than 15 million people live within the bay watershed. One can get to a stream, creek, river, or stretch of bay shore in 10 minutes from virtually any spot in the watershed. …" @default.
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• W231099014 date "2001-03-22" @default.
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• W231099014 title "Saving the Chesapeake" @default.
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