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- W2312891030 abstract "See related article, pp 970–976 Hypertension greatly increases the risk for major causes of disability and death including heart disease, target-organ damage, and stroke.1 The risk for cardiovascular disease is compounded by the high incidence of obesity and insulin resistance in patients with hypertension. Although there is a well-established clinical association, the precise sites of action and molecular mechanisms linking obesity and hypertension are not fully understood.Multiple mechanisms may provide a link between excess adiposity and development of hypertension including renal and vascular abnormalities, oxidative stress and inflammation, sympathetic activation, and the renin–angiotensin system (RAS).2 More recently, the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin has been implicated in obesity-induced hypertension. Leptin is secreted in direct proportion to adiposity and acts at hypothalamic receptors to promote satiety and energy expenditure as a compensatory mechanism to obesity. Leptin also activates hypothalamic and brain stem pathways to produce sympathetic-mediated pressor responses (Figure).2 The importance of brain leptin actions in sympathetic activation and hypertension is illustrated by the finding that central leptin receptor antagonism decreases blood pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity in rabbits exposed to short-term high-fat feeding.3 Resistance develops to the positive metabolic effects of leptin, whereas sensitivity to its cardiovascular effects is maintained. This selective resistance may involve differential intracellular signaling pathways and brain-specific sites of action for cardiovascular versus metabolic effects of leptin.4Figure. Leptin-mediated neuroplasticity and sensitization of the hypertensive response. The …" @default.
- W2312891030 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2312891030 date "2016-05-01" @default.
- W2312891030 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2312891030 title "To Sensitize or Not to Sensitize" @default.
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- W2312891030 doi "https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.06821" @default.
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