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• W2313115157 abstract "MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 476:251-268 (2013) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10104 Niche overlap, threshold food densities, and limits to prey depletion for a diving duck assemblage in an estuarine bay James R. Lovvorn1,*, Susan E. W. De La Cruz2, John Y. Takekawa2, Laura E. Shaskey2, Samantha E. Richman3 1Department of Zoology and Center for Ecology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA 2US Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station, Vallejo, California 94592, USA 3Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, 105 Coastal Institute in Kingston, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA *Email: lovvorn@siu.edu ABSTRACT: Planning for marine conservation often requires estimates of the amount of habitat needed to support assemblages of interacting species. During winter in subtidal San Pablo Bay, California, the 3 main diving duck species are lesser scaup Aythya affinis (LESC), greater scaup A. marila (GRSC), and surf scoter Melanitta perspicillata (SUSC), which all feed almost entirely on the bivalve Corbula amurensis. Decreased body mass and fat, increased foraging effort, and major departures of these birds appeared to result from food limitation. Broad overlap in prey size, water depth, and location suggested that the 3 species responded similarly to availability of the same prey. However, an energetics model that accounts for differing body size, locomotor mode, and dive behavior indicated that each species will become limited at different stages of prey depletion in the order SUSC, then GRSC, then LESC. Depending on year, 35 to 66% of the energy in Corbula standing stocks was below estimated threshold densities for profitable foraging. Ectothermic predators, especially flounders and sturgeons, could reduce excess carrying capacity for different duck species by 4 to 10%. A substantial quantity of prey above profitability thresholds was not exploited before most ducks left San Pablo Bay. Such pre-depletion departure has been attributed in other taxa to foraging aggression. However, in these diving ducks that showed no overt aggression, this pattern may result from high costs of locating all adequate prey patches, resulting reliance on existing flocks to find food, and propensity to stay near dense flocks to avoid avian predation. For interacting species assemblages, modeling profitability thresholds can indicate the species most vulnerable to food declines. However, estimates of total habitat needed require better understanding of factors affecting the amount of prey above thresholds that is not depleted before the predators move elsewhere. KEY WORDS: Carrying capacity · Foraging energetics models · San Francisco Bay benthos · San Pablo Bay · Surf scoter · Greater scaup · Lesser scaup · Corbula amurensis Full text in pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: Lovvorn JR, De La Cruz SEW, Takekawa JY, Shaskey LE, Richman SE (2013) Niche overlap, threshold food densities, and limits to prey depletion for a diving duck assemblage in an estuarine bay. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 476:251-268. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10104 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 476. Online publication date: February 27, 2013 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2013 Inter-Research." @default.
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• W2313115157 title "Niche overlap, threshold food densities, and limits to prey depletion for a diving duck assemblage in an estuarine bay" @default.
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