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- W231318632 abstract "What constituted a mulatto by our law? ...Our canon considers two crosses with pure white, and a third with any degree of mixture, however small, as clearing issue of Negro blood. But observe, that this does not reestablish freedom.... If emancipated, he becomes a free white man, and a citizen of United States.... Thomas Jefferson (from a letter dated March 4, 1815, Monticello) WITH THE END OF THE COLD WAR AND THE RISE OF TRANSNATIONAL, GLOBALized capitalism, a new has erupted in United States, an ideological-political conflict symptomatic of interminable crisis of liberal democracy. I am not alluding here to Samuel Huntington's of civilizations, replacement of class struggle with clash between Islamic/Confucian axis and a monolithic Western dispensation. If by we mean public, standardized values of a community that mediate experience of individuals (Douglas, 1966: 39), war involves antagonistic sets of norms, values, and beliefs expressed in institutionalized symbolic and discursive systems open to differing critiques and interpretations. existing maps of meaning that make world intelligible, maps objectified in patterns of social organization and relationship, are being discarded, reformed, invented, and reviewed in an accelerated process today. In any case, history has not ended with demise of utopia and triumph of free-market neoliberal gospel. What has flared up is long-buried antngonism between polarized worldviews or frames of knowledge-production. In academic and intellectual circles, we observe confrontation of two irreconcilable positions: one that claims priority of a culture, call it liberal or civic nationalism, as foundation for a democratic solidarity of citizens; and another that regards racism or a racializing logic as inherent in sociopolitical constitution of United States, a historical ground undercutting universalist or cosmopolitan rhetoric of its proclaimed democratic ideals and principles (Perea, 1998). Attempts to mediate dispute, whether through artifice of a multicultural nationalism or a postethnic cosmopolitanism (Hollinger, 1998), have only muddled precise distinctions laid out by various protagonists. Multiculturalism, inflected in terms of cultural literacy, canon revision, debate between Eurocentrism versus Afrocentrism, and so on, has become major site of t heoretical and philosophical contestation. A drive toward uniform standards informs goal of Establishment thinkers who seek to mediate contradictory paradigms in wars. noted literary critic E.D. Hirsch gained a certain notoriety by producing his Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (1988; second edition, 1993) premised on notion of a common knowledge or collective memory as a necessary requisite for a truly functional literacy. literate language and culture on which the unity and effectiveness of nation-state depend, despite its avowed conservatism, needs to be transmitted in schools to insure national among a diverse population divided by ethnicity, party affiliation, generation, locality, and so on. This communication among strangers, Hirsch argues as he explains in The Theory Behind Dictionary, repudiates conventional interpretations and provokes us to revise our liberal resistance to a traditional curriculum: We help people in underclass rise economically by teaching them how to communicate effectively beyond a narrow social sphere, and that can only be accomplished by teaching them shared, traditional literate culture. Thus inherent conservatism of literacy leads to an unavoidable paradox: social goals of liberalism require educational conservatism. We only make social and economic progress by teaching everyone to read and communicate, which means teaching myths and facts that are predominantly traditional (1993: xv). …" @default.
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- W231318632 date "2000-03-22" @default.
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- W231318632 title "The Multiculturalist Problematic in the Age of Globalized Capitalism" @default.
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