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- W2313803402 abstract "An investigation into new vehicle configurations appropriate for efficiently carrying small payloads to orbit with fully reusable vehicles. A baseline VTHL SSTO was modified to deliver a 2,000 Ib payload into a polar orbit. In addition, subsonic aircraft air launch assisted SSTO vehicles were considered. A POST trajectory model was modified to analyze varying air launch vehicles. POST output was used in CONS12 to perform weights and sizing calculations for the vehicles. The VTHL. SSTO showed a 43% reduction in dry weight for a payload reduction of 92%. The air launch LH2LOX vehicle weighs much less than the VTHL concept, but still has a gross weight of 1.37 million Ib. The keroseneLOX air launch vehicle produces a higher gross weight than the hydrogen vehicle. Analysis indicates that the weight of the subsonic airplane providing the launch assist will be much greater than the weight savings over the VTHL concept. * Graduate Student, Aerospace Engineering, Student Member AIM + Graduate Student, Aerospace Engincering, Member AIAA Associate Professor, Aerospace Engineering, Associate Fellow AIAA This paper is dcclared a work of thc U S Govcrnnicnt and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Introduction The space shuttle was designed in the 1970’s. Its concept came from research and development for the next generation of the Earth-to-orbit vehicle to replace the Apollo project vehicles and establish a reusable, low cost, and highly efficient new multi-purpose Earth-to-orbit system. At present, the space shuttle is still the most state-of-the-art and highly efficient manned Earth-to-orbit vehicle available. However, operation of the space shuttle costs much more than planned because of the requirement for high quality maintenance, the need for much manpower, and some degree of inefficiency. NASA uses the space shuttle for all manned missions no small, which leads to inefficiency. For hture space missions, vehicle size should be chosen for each mission purpose such that high efficiency can be achieved. Furthermore, to reduce the cost of missions and the risk to humans, a more efficient and safer Earth-toorbit vehicle must be used. Thus, a new transportation system has to be developed. matter whether the payload size is large or b The primary purpose of this study is to consider new vehicle configurations appropriate for individual missions and with high efficiency. Since seeking of post-spaceshuttle configurations has begun, many ideas have been introduced (Ref 1-6). For example, the U.S.A.F. concept “Black Horse” is a single stage horizontal takeoff spacecraft with aerial refueling, and “Pegasus” is a reusable 4 stage Earth-to-orbit vehicle using a reusable airplane as the first stage. Other examples are the X-34 project and NASP. Except for “Pegasus” these v" @default.
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- W2313803402 date "1995-07-10" @default.
- W2313803402 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2313803402 title "Analysis of concepts for SSTO" @default.
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- W2313803402 doi "https://doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-2953" @default.
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