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- W2314146160 abstract "To assess risk from geologic hazards and environmental concerns, we must make some assumptions about the distribution and character of geologic materials. In the central Puget Lowland in western Washington multiple unconformities (a result of the glacial/interglacial history) intersect multiple near-vertical discontinuities (products of the tectonic history). Predictability in the Puget Lowland is a matter of spatial scale. The cyclicity of at least 7 glaciations and interglaciations is known, whereas the deposits that remain and their distribution are not. For the current interglaciation and parts of the last glacial/ interglacial cycle we can use the modern topography to assess previous interglacial periods in the Puget Lowland. We can predict what deposits will develop on the landscape following a glaciation, what deposits are characteristic of Cordilleran ice sheets, and we can predict the average number of such landscape features to persist, but not where to expect them. Similarly, the controls on subglacial trough locations in the Puget Lowland are not yet understood, so predicting the locations of marine basins and stream channels with accuracy is not yet feasible. Based on the geologic principle that the present is the key to the past (Hutton, 1795), 50% of the hills in the central Puget Lowland are cored with pre-Vashon deposits and 50% are cored with deposits from the Vashon glaciation, drumlins occur an average of every 1900 feet (crest to crest), and for every east-west one-mile transect along a paleotopographic surface an average of 2.5 channel-type features will be encountered of the scale visible at 1:50,000. The spatial predictability of Quaternary deposits in the Puget Lowland at any regional or local scale is controlled by unconformities and discontinuities, but this uncertainty is not merely one of academic interest. Many angular unconformities in the subsurface can mimic structural features and the many structural features in the Lowland certainly disrupt stratigraphic continuity and groundwater flow. Paleohills cored with uniform deposits of differing seismic velocity certainly cause nonlinearity in earthquake amplifications. Numerous finegrained and coarse-grained channel deposits of various depths and lengths in the subsurface certainly impede or enhance groundwater and contaminant flow." @default.
- W2314146160 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2314146160 date "2006-01-01" @default.
- W2314146160 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2314146160 title "SPATIAL PREDICTABILITY OF QUATERNARY DEPOSITS IN THE CENTRAL PUGET LOWLAND" @default.
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- W2314146160 doi "https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.181.25" @default.
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