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• W2314432014 abstract "A retrospective review of 666 women who underwent tubal ligation between 1930 and 1969 in Alberta, Canada, was undertaken to assess the effect of tubal ligation on the incidence of ovarian cancer. Tubal ligation did not affect the risk of ulterior ovarian cancer except in women who underwent tubal ligation between the ages of 20 and 29. These women showed a slight but statistically significant (p = 0.03) increase in observed versus expected cases of ovarian cancer.To test the hypothesis that increasing incidence of ovarian epithelial cancer in the developed countries is partly caused by increased exposure to carcinogens that can reach the ovary through the patent fallopian tubes, a retrospective study was undertaken of the incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer in 666 mental institution inmates in Alberta, Canada, who underwent tubal ligation between 1930 and 1969. If this route of exposure to carcinogenic substances is significant, the effect of tubal ligation would be to decrease its incidence and the protective effect would depend on the age at tubal ligation. 242 of the patients underwent sterilization between 1930-39, 213 between 1940-49, 95 between 1950-59, and 116 between 1960-69. 66% of patients were located for the study; all patients lost to follow-up were assumed alive to minimize the selection bias resulting from the increased likelihood of locating cancer patients. 207 of the patients were aged 10-19, 272 were 20-29, and 187 were 30 or over at the time of operation. The overall number of observed cases of epithelial ovarian cancer was slightly higher than the expected number, with most of the difference occurring in women who underwent tubal ligation at age 20-29. The age at tubal ligation for the 4 confirmed and 1 unconfirmed case ranged from 24 to 34 years. The interval between sterilization and diagnosis of ovarian cancer ranged from 12 to 40 years. 2 of the cancer patients were nulliparous, 1 had 1 child and 1 had 2 children. The patient with unconfirmed ovarian cancer, who was excluded from the statistical analysis, had 8 children. The slight increase in ovarian cancer over expected age-specific Northern Alberta incidence rates might have been due to the large proportion of nulliparous women in the sample. When results were adjusted to correct for the excess of nulliparous women, the excess of observed over expected cases declined from 1.45/4 to 1.64/4. The possible introduction of talcum powder, a carcinogen, during the surgery might also have contributed; until 1970, the talcum powder used to store surgical gloves was not washed off before use. Hormonal differences caused by tubal ligation might also have affected the observed incidence. The confounding factors make a true assessment of the effect of tubal ligation difficult." @default.
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• W2314432014 date "1984-01-01" @default.
• W2314432014 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2314432014 title "The effect of tubal ligation on the incidence of epithelial cancer of the ovary." @default.
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