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- W2315390970 abstract "-In the Basle Zoo, Switzerland, I studied the behavior of the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus) in a group of color-ringed birds with breeding success for the past 42 years. The courtship display, a group display occurring occasionally throughout the year, may last for hours in the prebreeding months. The ritualized movements, identically performed by both sexes indicate changing mood, or place, or both. Highest synchronization occurs in groups of 15-25 birds. This behavior brings birds of similar breeding readiness together weeks before breeding, often at places far away from a possible breeding site, and is interpreted as preparation for a prospective collective change of activity (to breeding), and of place (to the breeding site). If breeding conditions improve, these groups may begin egg-laying within a few days. The duration of the pair bond varies from changing the mate every season to several years, probably depending on the number of birds present. Molting of the remiges is highly variable, ranging from replacing only a few feathers to loosing all within a few days, from molting every year to skipping 1 year or 2. Chicks are capable of flight before they are full-grown. Overall, the factors that enable the Greater Flamingo to reproduce successfully in a habitat characterized by irregular climatic conditions, which often lead to irregularly available feeding and breeding sites, include the following: (1) the highly developed behavior of social stimulation; (2) the formation of breeding groups independent from breeding time and place, which allows rapid initiation of breeding after arrival at the nesting area; and (3) the early attainment of flight capability in chicks. LO QUE 19 ANOS DE OBSERVACIONES DE FLAMENCOS MAYORES EN CAUTIVERIO SUGIEREN ACERCA DE LAS ADAPTACIONES PARA LA REPRODUCCION BAJO CONDICIONES IRREGULARES Resumen.-En el zool6gico de Basle, Suiza, yo estudi6 el comportamiento del flamenco comfin (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus) en un grupo de individuos anillados que ha reproducido exitosamente durante los filtimos 42 afios. El despliegue de cortejo, un despliegue colectivo que ocurre ocasionalmente durante todo el afio, puede durar varias horas en los meses previos a la reproducci6n. Los movimientos ritualizados son realizados de forma id6ntica por los dos sexos e indican cambios en disposici6n, lugar o ambos. El grado mis alto de sincronizaci6n ocurre en grupos de 15-25 individuos. El cortejo congrega a individuos del mismo grado de disposici6n varias semanas antes de reproducir, frecuentemente en lugares lejanos al lugar de reproducci6n, y es interpretado como una preparaci6n para un cambio probable en actividad (a reproducci6n) y de lugar (al sitio de reproducci6n). Si las condiciones para la reproducci6n mejoran, estos grupos pueden comenzar la postura de huevos en pocos dias. La duraci6n del vinculo de la pareja varia desde un cambio de pareja de una temporada a otra, a un cambio cada varios afios y probablemente depende del nfimero de individuos presentes. La muda de plumas remeras es altamente variable y va desde el reemplazo de pocas plumas a la p6rdida completa en el transcurso de pocos dias, a mudas anuales o cada afio por medio o cada 2 afios. Los pollos son capaces de volar antes de Ilegar a tamafio adulto. En general, las siguientes caracteristicas son adaptaciones que permiten la reproducci6n exitosa del flamenco mayor en un hibitat caracterizado por condiciones climiticas irregulares, que frecuentemente Ilevan a una disponibilidad irregular de sitios de alimentaci6n y reproducci6n: (1) comportamiento de estimulaci6n social altamente desarrollado; (2) la formaci6n de grupos reproductores fuera de la epoca y del sitio de reproducci6n, lo cual permite la iniciaci6n ripida de la reproducci6n una vez que llegan al sitio; (3) la capacidad temprana de vuelo en los pollos; (4) el patr6n de muda de las plumas remeras." @default.
- W2315390970 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2315390970 date "2000-01-01" @default.
- W2315390970 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
- W2315390970 title "What 19 Years of Observation on Captive Greater Flamingos Suggests about Adaptations to Breeding under Irregular Conditions" @default.
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- W2315390970 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1522160" @default.
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