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• W231653775 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION On June 26, 2013, the US Supreme Court found Section 3 of the Federal Defense of Marriage Act (1) (DOMA) unconstitutional. (2) DOMA was signed into law in 1996 by President Clinton) DOMA came into existence as fears arose that the state of Hawaii would start a trend as the first state to recognize same-sex marriage. DOMA was created to avert assault against traditional heterosexual marriage laws. (4) Now that this section has been struck down, married members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgendered (LGBT) community will be privy to the same federal benefits that their heterosexual colleagues historically enjoyed depending on the state they live in. These benefits could provide some additional monies and protections during the golden years. A. THE EMERGING OLDER LGBT COMMUNITY Despite the general belief that older LGBT adults are affluent, this population tends to be less affluent and less financially secure than most American seniors. Around half of all lesbians and gay men between the ages of fifty to fifty-nine earn less than $39,000 per year; 20% earn less than $26,000 per year. (5) Many suffered throughout their working years some form of discrimination if their sexual orientation became known or was suspected, and as a result, many were unable to maintain consistent employment. Around one-half of these seniors a disability and 13% have been denied healthcare or received poor quality of care. (6) These factors also an effect on the quality of an elder's older years both financially and psychologically. In 2011, there were roughly 41.4 million Americans age sixty-five and over, and this figure includes 1.5 million LGBT older adults. (7) There are approximately 2.4 million LGBT adults over the age of fifty-five. (8) Of same-sex couples, 11.8% of these couples include a partner fifty-five or older, while 9.4% consist of two seniors. (9) The number of LGBT seniors is expected to double by the year 2030. (10) In fact, it is estimated that older Americans will top 90 million and outnumber children under the age of 18 for the first time in US history by 2056. (11) The creation of the National Resource Center on LGBT Aging (The Center) in 2010 is an indicator of the necessity of training for providers tailored to the unique needs and challenges of older members of this community. The Center provides a technical resource center to improve the quality of services and support offered to lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender older adults. The organization is also key to identifying and compiling data on the older population. However, the statistics for the LGBT community are not entirely reliable, as many older members of the community continue to remain invisible. Older LGBT adults still difficulty discussing, or in some cases acknowledging, their sexual orientation. Having suffered stigmatization, various forms of abuse, and allegations of criminality, moral turpitude, and mental illness as a result of their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, many remain reluctant to reveal their sexual orientation. Coming out later in life is a scary proposition despite its apparent healing effect. As society's attitudes toward same-sex marriage and marriage in general continue to evolve, so should the willingness of members of this community to stand up and be counted. B. SOCIETAL SHIFT IN VIEWPOINT AND STATES' REACTIONS According to Gallup, in 1996, 68% of all Americans were opposed to gay marriage. (12) Polls taken during the week of the DOMA ruling indicated that 53% of all Americans were in favor of same-sex marriage and in the two weeks following the ruling, that data has increased two percentage points. (13) This is a substantial increase in support, even from recent years. In 2009, 30% of Americans favored civil unions but did not support same-sex marriage. (14) This data also reflected an uptick in support, with only 24% responding in a similar fashion in 2003. …" @default.
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• W231653775 date "2013-09-22" @default.
• W231653775 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W231653775 title "A Holistic Approach to Planning for the Aging Same-Sex Couple: Special Considerations in Light of the U.S. V. Windsor Decision" @default.
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