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• W2316615950 abstract "Different cross sections are used to represent structures like buildings, bridges and other architectural features, so the study of wind flow pattern, induced vortex shedding and various wind load parameters around 2D rectangular cylinder with different aspect ratios(R=B/H, is the ratio of breadth of the block to the height in stream-wise and cross stream-wise direction respectively) have been studied and presented in this paper. Different aspect ratios varying from 1 to 0.05 have been used at a fixed Reynolds number 21400( , where is the Free stream velocity and is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid) based on free stream velocity and height of the cylinder across the free stream. An effort has been made to capture the effect of turbulent flow around rectangular bluff body on the time averaged flow quantities using two dimensional turbulence models with suitable assumptions. A comparative study of 2D unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS) with standard k-e and RNG k-e turbulence models accompanying near wall treatment has been investigated for wall Y as guidance in selecting appropriate grid configuration using FLUENT 6.3, Results have been compared with the published results by XinliangTian et. al. (2012). KeywordsWind load, Aspect ratio, Vortex shedding Introduction The high rise buildings are affected by wind load due to wind flow around them. Study of flow around long span suspension bridges, chimney, cooling towers, low and high rise buildings, is of great significance from the structural safety point of view. Prediction of flow characteristics using various turbulence models is very demanding issue. The Flow characteristics play a vital role for stable and safe designing of structures. In flow around square cylinder the separation of flow occurs at leading corner of the body. Vortex formation and aerodynamic characteristics both are strongly dependent on the aspect ratios (R) and show noticeable variations with the increase/decrease in ratio. Although the three dimensionality of turbulent flow at high Reynolds number the RANS model enables 2D computations even for the Reynolds number greater than the threshold value after hypothesizing that the span-wise turbulent flux is supposed to be homogeneous, the spatial average of its fluctuation in the direction of the span is equivalent to its ensemble average. Franke & Rodi (1993) used the same hypothesis and reported that the estimation of the aerodynamic forces and Strouhal number (St) for flow around square block can be done satisfactorily for 2D URANS model accompanying the wall function. Proc. of the 8th Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering – Nagesh R. Iyer, Prem Krishna, S. Selvi Rajan and P. Harikrishna (eds) Copyright c © 2013 APCWE-VIII. All rights reserved. Published by Research Publishing, Singapore. ISBN: 978-981-07-8011-1 doi:10.3850/978-981-07-8012-8 220 158 Proc. of the 8th Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering (APCWE-VIII) According to Rodi (1991) while using standard k-e model with wall functions the simulation of correct hydrodynamic properties cannot be done satisfactorily because of weakened vortex shedding. This is because of the weakened separation, as excessive amount of turbulent kinetic energy is generated near the leading corner by isotropic viscosity effect (Murakami & Mochinda, 1995). But still here in present study the results using standard k-e model have been obtained to compare the variation of values of hydrodynamic quantities with respect to results obtained by RNG k-e models. Lee(1990) performed some experiments on 2D rectangular blocks to see the effect of variation of aspect ratios on drag and base pressure and in his study he found that as the ratio increases, the base pressure falls and drag increases but up to a certain aspect ratio, this fall in base pressure is not a continuous phenomenon because at some specific aspect ratio the path of the separating layer would be hindered trailing edge of the rectangle during the vortex shedding cycle and this aspect ratio is called as critical aspect ratio. Further increasing the ratio after critical the base pressure starts rising and the drag force falls. His experimental work shows the maximum value of drag at aspect ratio approximately 2/3. Sohankar (2008) performed numerical study of wind flow over sharp edged rectangular cylinder with aspect ratios varying from 0.4 to 4. Author used LES model for numerical simulation for Reynolds number 10 with two different subgrid-scale models, the S-model and a dynamic OEmodel. XinliangTian et.al.(2012) studied the effect of aspect ratio on 2D square cylinder for Re=21400 using kshear stress transport (SST) turbulence model. Author took aspect ratio values as R=1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 and he reported that kSST turbulence model gives satisfactory value of coefficient of drag (Cd) for Aspect ratios 1, 0.8 and 0.6 but as the aspect ratio decreases i.e. R=0.4, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05 the turbulence model applied, does not show a good agreement with the published results. The predicted value of CLrms for R=1 was within the range of the published numerical results and CLrms shows similar trend with respect to R as given by Sohankar (2008) at Re= 10 for aspect ratios greater than 0.6 . However, for aspect ratios less than 0.6, the variation of CLrms with aspect ratios reported by author, are not showing satisfying results with respect to results reported by Sohankar (2008). Numerical simulation scheme, computational domain The size of the whole computational domain has been adopted as 35H by 20H (H is height of cylinder in cross stream wise direction) and the origin of the coordinates is located at the centre of rectangular cylinder, flow inlet boundary is located at 10H upstream from the centre of cylinder and the flow outlet boundary is located at 25H downstream from the centre of the cylinder (see in fig.1). These distances are large enough to eliminate the far field effects from the boundaries. The pressure implicit with splitting of operators (PISO) scheme is used in the present study. A fully developed turbulent flow was set up at inlet and Reynolds number (Re) taken is 21400 based on the height of the cylinder in cross stream wise direction and free stream velocity. The pre-processor GAMBIT was used to create the geometry defining the domain and discritize the domain, while FLUENT6.3 code is employed to discretize and solve the governing equations. The mesh around a block is shown in fig.2." @default.
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• W2316615950 title "Numerical Modelling for Assessment of Wind Flow Pattern and Wind Load on a Rectangular Cylinder for Different Aspect Ratios" @default.
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