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• W2316943411 abstract "During long space exploration missions, astronauts experience reductions in bone mass, density, and strength, and muscle mass and strength as a response to weightlessness and reduced gravity environments. The muscle and bone strength required to successfully and safely perform critical mission tasks during spaceflight must be quantified so exercise and other countermeasures can be designed accordingly. This paper has developed a method incorporating a biomechanical model and, kinematic and kinetic data, that is capable of estimating joint forces during experimental lifting tasks under defined gravity environments. A musculoskeletal model was used to predict net joint moments and muscular forces from kinematic marker data and kinetic force plate data obtained during an experimental squat lifting task simulating EVA/IVA activities. Kinematic data was collected from time histories of retro-reflective marker coordinates using a video motion capture system. A full body model utilizing the ground reaction forces and kinematic measurements computed the moments and related muscle forces at the L5S1 joint. Computations were repeated for gravity levels of Earth (1g), and scaled representative to gravitational environments of Mars (3/8g) and Earth's Moon (1/6g). This study proposes a method to quantify the musculoskeletal strength required of astronauts performing a squat lifting task in multiple gravitational environments. These results demonstrate the capability to estimate net joint moments developed under weightlessness conditions, which along with muscle forces, allows for the development of spaceflight countermeasures designed to preserve astronaut musculoskeletal health. Nomenclature EVA/IVA = extra vehicular activity/ intra vehicular activity BMext = moment due to external force, Nm Mc = mass of the object under representative gravitational field, kg g = acceleration due to gravity under representative gravitational field, N/m MUB = mass of upper body, kg MAload = moment arm due to loads, m MAubcom = moment arm due to the upper body, m BMmuscle = moment due to muscles, Nm Ferec.sp. = force developed due to erector spinae, N MAi = moment arm due to muscles, m Ferec.sp.right = force developed due to erector spinae right, N Ferec.sp.left = force developed due to erector spinae left, N Fi = force developed due to i muscle 1, Graduate Student, School of Dynamic Systems, 598 Rhodes Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221, AIAA Non-Member. Graduate Student, School of Aerospace Systems, 745 Baldwin Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221, AIAA Non-Member. Asst Professor, School of Aerospace Systems, 724 Rhodes Hall, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, AIAA Member. Associate Professor, Environmental Health, G07C Wherry Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, AIAA Non-Member." @default.
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• W2316943411 date "2013-07-11" @default.
• W2316943411 modified "2023-09-22" @default.
• W2316943411 title "Method for estimating muscle forces during simulated space intravehicular and extravehicular lifting tasks" @default.
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• W2316943411 doi "https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-3320" @default.
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