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• W2316946422 abstract "The prosperity of India lies in the prosperity of Villages”----Mahatma Gandhi This paper highlights the protection of environment in the rural areas and suggests measures to improve the position of natural resources at the implementation of Nonfarm activities. Majority of population depends on primary sector in India and engaged in farm activities. So, pressure on land should be reduced by giving priority to non-farm activities. Then, they play crucial role in reducing unemployment, poverty and enhances development activities in rural areas. The most dangerous common problem to the world countries is degradation of environmental resources at present. The degradation of environment shows adverse effect on human beings, live stock, bio-diversity etc. As climate changes the availability of natural resource becomes very difficult in rural areas. This leads to migration of people to the urban areas for employment. After recognizing the danger of environment pollution the world countries are giving priority to protect environment. India is also implementing different programmes for the development of rural areas, but there is less importance for protection of environment in the programmes. Under globalization, the nonfarm activities got importance in rural as well as urban areas. So priority should be given for the protection of environment and policies and programmes should be made by keeping the people’s participation and services of NGO’s and other like minded organizations. The practice of nonfarm activities should be with the objective that environment protection should be given priority. Then there is possibility for the sustainable rural development Brief history of Rural Development: The concept of Rural Development in India is not new concept. From British onwards efforts have been taking by the government for the development of rural areas. Mahatma Ganghi also proposed some schemes for rural development. Earlier five year plans had been prepared based on the theme of rural development along with priority to rural development. The expectations of economists collapsed as the failure of Trickle down effect which refers that the fruitful results of economic development reach to bottom from top. So, in 1974 department of Rural development came into force as a part of ministry of Food and Agriculture. On the 18th August, 1979 new Ministry of Rural reconstruction was emerged. It was renamed as Ministry of Rural development on 23rd of January1982. Later Rural Development Ministry was converted into a part of Agriculture Ministry in 1985. In 1991 on July 5th Rural development was announced as separate Ministry. Again in 1995, it was formed as Ministry of Rural Areas Employment and Poverty Alleviation. In 1999 finally it was formed as ministry of Rural development. For the development of rural areas the Ministry of Rural development has been implementing number of programmes focusing on the elements like health, education, safe drinking water, housing and roads. Meaning of Rural Development: There is no comprehensive definition for rural development. “Overall development of villages is called Rural development. This refers development of agriculture and allied sectors, rural industries and rural infrastructure. As majority of population lives in villages, their backwardness stands for backwardness of economy as whole. So, Rural development has emerged as “ a strategy designed to improve the economic and social life of a specific group of a people i.e. rural poor. It involves extending the benefits of development to the rural population who seeks a livelihood in the rural areas. Objectives of Rural Development: In the Indian context Rural development programmes have aimed at achieving the following objectives. 1. To change the attitude of rural people towards development. 2. To promote democratic leadership by setting up local self government. 3. To provide basic needs such as drinking water, health care, sanitation, housing and employment i.e. to improve standard of living 4. To improve communal harmony and unity among rural people 5. To develop farming and nonfarming activities without adverse affecting the environment. Programmes introduced for Rural Development: For the development of any country proper utilization of natural and human resources is inevitable. In India the land mark in the history of rural development is introduction of Community Development Programme on October 2nd, 1952. After that for the elimination of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas, the programmes like Small Farmers Development Agency (SFDA), Marginal Farmers and Agriculture Labour Development Agency (MFADA), Minimum Needs Programme (MNP), Food for Work Programme (FWP), Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA), Training for Rural Youth for Self Employment (TRYSEM), Ganga Kalyan Yojana (GKY), Jawahar Rojgar Yojana (JRY) Swarna Jayanthi Swagram Yojana (SJSY), Anthyodaya Programme etc. Besides this, NABARD, RRB, SBI and other commercial banks are helping for the development of rural areas. During 1995-96 Rural Infrastructure Development Fund was established and maintained by NABARD. The budget expenditure for Rural Development during 2007-08 is 32,508 crores. In the plans Expenditure on Rural development has been increasing. In the 11th plan the government has target that an increase in forests and cover tree by 5 percent and provision of safe drinking water by 2009. But in the programmes there was no much more priority for the protection of environment. Importance of NonFarm Sector: Rural development: The Rural NonFarm Sector (RNFS) refers all nonagricultural activities like mining and quarrying, household and nonhousehold manufacturing, processing, repair, construction, trade and commerce, transport and other services in villages and rural towns undertaken by enterprises varying in size from household own account enterprises to huge industries. The level and growth in urbanization is expected to have a positive impact on the level of non-farm employment in rural areas. In many areas, agriculture alone cannot provide sufficient livelihood opportunities. Migration is not an option for everyone and where" @default.
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• W2316946422 date "2011-10-01" @default.
• W2316946422 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2316946422 title "Rural Development - Non - Farm Sector: A Need For Sustainable Development In India" @default.
• W2316946422 doi "https://doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/jan2013/59" @default.
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