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• W2316980702 abstract "The stable isotope stream tracer model (SISTM) calculates the expected ¹⁵N content in various stream ecosystem N compartments over distance and time during and after ¹⁵N additions to streams. SISTM is a steady state compartment model that predicts δ ¹⁵N values based on N stocks and fluxes and the experimental rate of ¹⁵N addition. Predicted δ ¹⁵N values are compared with observed δ ¹⁵N values from a field tracer addition to evaluate our understanding of the N cycle. We demonstrated the use of this tool with information collected from field measurements and a 6-wk ¹⁵N-NH₄⁺ addition to the Kuparuk River, Alaska, during the summer of 1991. SISTM was used to run a series of model calibrations that reflected increased information as the experiment progressed. Results of an a priori calibration (using pre-1991 data) yielded a predicted NH₄⁺ uptake length (S_w) of 5.2 km compared with the observed S_w of 0.84 km, and underestimated the δ ¹⁵N values of biota in all cases. When discharge and NH₄⁺ concentrations measured during the 1991 experiment were added (model calibration Update 1), the predicted S_w dropped to 0.44 km, indicating that the modeled fluxes overestimated the rate of NH₄⁺ removal by the stream bottom. Adding N stocks and fluxes measured during the tracer addition (Update 2) did not improve predicted S_w, indicating faulty assumptions in our a priori calibration. The observed isotope data were used to estimate the form (NH₄⁺ vs NO₃^-) of N taken up by primary producers and to improve our representation of the epilithon compartment (Update 3). Including this information brought the predicted S_w to 0.71 km compared with the observed 0.84 km, and resulted in a reasonable correspondence between predicted and observed δ ¹⁵N values over the 6-wk addition. SISTM can be used as a framework to 1) summarize N-cycle information prior to a tracer addition, 2) generate testable predictions for field isotope studies, 3) improve our understanding of the N cycle using the field isotope data as constraints on flux estimates, and 4) explore hypothetical N-cycle characteristics. The combined modeling and field tracer experiment approach efficiently provided a synoptic view of the N cycle in streams and rivers." @default.
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• W2316980702 date "1999-06-01" @default.
• W2316980702 modified "2023-10-02" @default.
• W2316980702 title "A Coupled Field and Modeling Approach for the Analysis of Nitrogen Cycling in Streams" @default.
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• W2316980702 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1468461" @default.
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