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- W2317069202 abstract "ABSTRACTHundreds of human viral pathogens exhibit a tropism for the central nervous system (CNS). In the case of some viruses, involvement of the CNS is the predominant feature of the resulting illness whereas in others involvement of the CNS is a rare complication of a more generalized illness (Corboy and Tyler, 2000). Infection with these viruses may result in several recognizable neurological syndromes, depending upon the specific elements of the CNS that are preferentially attacked. The most common syndrome resulting from viral CNS infection is meningitis, which can be defined as inflammation of the subarachnoid space and meninges without direct involvement of brain parenchyma (Hammer and Connolly, 1992). In contrast, the syndrome of encephalitis is characterized by viral infection of brain tissue itself. Although the same viruses are responsible for inducing both meningitis and encephalitis, individual viruses may more commonly produce one or the other syndrome (Johnson, 1998; Johnson, 1996). Viruses often simultaneously affect both meninges and brain parenchyma as so-called meningoencephalitis. According to data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), over 100,000 cases of aseptic meningitis occur annually in the United States, the majority of which are of viral etiology. Approximately 20,000 cases of encephalitis occur in the United States each year, most of which are mild. In this chapter, viral agents that cause meningitis and encephalitis will be addressed, as well as the differential diagnosis of these viral diseases in normal and abnormal hosts. This chapter concentrates, for the most part, on the most common causes of these diseases in North America." @default.
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- W2317069202 date "2006-04-01" @default.
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- W2317069202 title "VIRAL MENINGITIS AND ENCEPHALITIS" @default.
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- W2317069202 doi "https://doi.org/10.1212/01.con.0000290450.11098.b1" @default.
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