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• W2317333526 abstract "Six methods were used to estimate abundance of eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) on 31.5 ha of deciduous forest in southwestern Pennsylvania. Among 3 methods based on multiple capture data, the Schnabel method gave the least variable estimates. The frequency-of-capture method yielded highly variable estimates, and the data did not fit well the probability distributions normally used for this method. Erratic estimates were also obtained from the Jolly method using 171 recaptures. The plot-removal method needed further study. However, time-area counts required fewer man-hours than did plot removal to achieve accuracy within 15 percent at the 90 percent confidence level. Response-to-call method showed no potential as an index to abundance of gray squirrels. None of the methods was judged satisfactory for extensive application for squirrel management. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 42(3):550-657 The main objective of this study was to compare reliability and practicality of 6 census methods for eastern gray squirrels. Abundance of tree squirrels has been estimated by many methods, but most of these have not been evaluated adequately. Mark-recapture methods are the most commonly used for squirrels. They are not always practical and are subject to error if assumptions on which the models are based are not met. With observational methods, such as time-area counts and flush counts, squirrels are counted during a given time along a transect or in a plot. Uhlig (1955) reported that counting leaf nests gave reliable estimates. However, this method has little potential where leaf nests are uncommon, as in the area where our study was done. Plot removal is a newer observational method which had not been field tested on squirrels. Another observational technique which has had limited use to census squirrels is to stimulate squirrels to make a vocal response and then count the number responding. Various other techniques have been based on number of squirrels caught or observed per unit of effort. Trap success depends on many factors other than population density; Friley (1955) found this method unreliable. Hunter success has been used as a census method, often with marking to obtain a Lincoln Index (Nixon et al. 1975). However, post factum estimates from harvest data have limited value for management of squirrels. A. Woolf, R. Sapalio, and A. Olsen assisted in this study, which was supported by a research grant from Rachelwood Wildlife Research Preserve. D. Heller, The Ohio State University, allowed us to use some of his data from a concurrent study on eastern gray squirrels." @default.
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• W2317333526 date "1978-07-01" @default.
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• W2317333526 title "Census Methods for Eastern Gray Squirrels" @default.
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• W2317333526 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3800817" @default.
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