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• W2317791796 abstract "Event Abstract Back to Event Decrease in synaptic variance improves perceptual ability Robert Froemke1*, Michael Merzenich1 and Christoph Schreiner1 1 University of California, San Francisco, United States Receptive fields in the adult nervous system are highly structured. In the primary auditory cortex (AI), neurons are tuned to both sound frequency (pitch) and intensity (loudness), and these tuning properties are largely determined by the organization of synaptic inputs onto AI neurons. Cortical synapses are highly plastic, even in the adult brain, and thus receptive fields and the functions that they support have the potential to be rapidly modified to improve perception and behavioral performance. Here we studied the functional consequences of AI synaptic receptive field plasticity, combining in vivo whole-cell recording with behavioral training in adult rats. We focused on intensity tuning of excitatory inputs, as previously we have examined frequency tuning of inhibitory inputs (Froemke et al., Nature 2007), and asked how changes in AI synaptic intensity tuning would affect auditory discrimination behavior. As a naturalistic method for modifying synaptic receptive fields, we paired specific auditory stimuli with activation of the cholinergic basal forebrain (Goard and Dan, Nat. Neurosci. 2009), simulating the effects of heightened arousal or directed attention to behaviorally-relevant percepts. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings were made in vivo from AI neurons in anesthetized animals, while basal forebrain activation in behaving animals was performed with a custom-built neuroprosthetic device (Froemke et al., Keck Futures Initiatives 2007). We first asked if AI neurons and networks could be retuned to prefer low-intensity tones. We paired basal forebrain stimulation with presentation of relatively quiet pure tones, usually 30-50 dB from best level and 1-3 octaves from best frequency. We measured frequency-intensity synaptic receptive fields before and after pairing, and found that responses at paired stimuli were greatly enhanced, while responses at the original best stimuli were reduced. This specific reduction in responses to the original best stimuli were activity-dependent, such that for a period of approximately 10-20 minutes following pairing, whichever stimuli evoked the largest excitatory responses were selectively depressed, via a mechanism associated with Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. These synaptic modifications preserved the net excitatory drive onto AI neurons. The increase in response at the paired stimuli was precisely matched by the decrease in response at the original best stimuli. As a consequence, average synaptic strength was unaltered by basal forebrain pairing. However, as large responses became smaller, and small responses became larger, the variance of synaptic receptive field responses decreased. Information theoretic analysis suggested that this decrease in variability might improve the detection of weak signals such as lower-intensity sounds, at the expense of discrimination of the pitch identity for higher-intensity sounds. Finally, we tested and confirmed this hypothesis by training a separate set of adult rats to detect and discriminate between several pure tones of different frequencies and intensities. In summary, basal forebrain pairing sets in motion a dynamic set of changes to AI synaptic receptive fields, acting to enhance responses to paired stimuli while decreasing originally larger responses. These changes preserve excitatory drive and reduce response variance, improving behavioral performance for some perceptual abilities, but sometimes at the expense of performance for other tasks. Conference: Computational and Systems Neuroscience 2010, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 25 Feb - 2 Mar, 2010. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Poster session III Citation: Froemke R, Merzenich M and Schreiner C (2010). Decrease in synaptic variance improves perceptual ability. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: Computational and Systems Neuroscience 2010. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.03.00204 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 03 Mar 2010; Published Online: 03 Mar 2010. * Correspondence: Robert Froemke, University of California, San Francisco, Rijeka, United States, rfroemke@phy.ucsf.edu Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Robert Froemke Michael Merzenich Christoph Schreiner Google Robert Froemke Michael Merzenich Christoph Schreiner Google Scholar Robert Froemke Michael Merzenich Christoph Schreiner PubMed Robert Froemke Michael Merzenich Christoph Schreiner Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page." @default.
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• W2317791796 title "Decrease in synaptic variance improves perceptual ability" @default.
• W2317791796 doi "https://doi.org/10.3389/conf.fnins.2010.03.00204" @default.
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