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- W2317823030 abstract "We examined brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) on a prairie-nesting population of Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) from 1984 to 1997 and the extent to which parasitism affected host reproductive success. During this 14-year period, 2-32% of redwing nests were parasitized per year. Two measures of cowbird parasitism, the proportion of nests parasitized and the number of cowbird eggs laid per year, significantly increased over time. Increases in these estimates of the intensity of parasitism were independent of annual changes in nesting density of Red-winged Blackbirds. Clutch size was reduced in parasitized nests, most likely as a result of host egg removal by cowbirds, but hatching success was similar between parasitized and unparasitized nests. Red-winged Blackbirds abandoned more than one-third of all parasitized nests. We estimated the cost of abandonment in terms of increased failure rate and decreased fledgling production of re-nesting attempts. When we excluded abandoned nests from the analysis, there was no difference in the probability of success between parasitized and unparasitized nests. Nestlings from parasitized nests were similar in mass and tarsus length to nestlings from unparasitized nests, but parasitized nests produced fewer redwing fledglings per successful nest. The success of unparasitized nests was negatively related to the intensity of cowbird parasitism, suggesting that cowbirds are predators as well as brood parasites of redwing clutches." @default.
- W2317823030 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2317823030 date "1999-02-01" @default.
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- W2317823030 title "Impact of Brood Parasitism by Brown-Headed Cowbirds on Red-Winged Blackbird Reproductive Success" @default.
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- W2317823030 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1370451" @default.
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