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• W2318732053 abstract "Variations in airspora concentrations were determined from samplers running simultaneously at different sites within the city of Manhattan, Kansas, and surrounding countryside in 1976, 1977, and 1979. Differences in the concentration of airspora were usually significantly different at two or more locations at any one time. However, as spore numbers were averaged over increasingly longer periods of time, differences between sites became progressively less. When the average number of spores per m3 of air was compared on a daily basis for each of 30 days at four sites in 1976, differences in the total concentrations were significant in 33% of the possible comparisons. When these same spore data were averaged over periods of 10 days, differences between sites were significant in only 4% of the comparisons and no significant differences occurred when spore numbers were averaged over the 30 days. Thus, if precise information based on daily fluctuations are needed for any reason by allergists, plant pathologists, etc., separate sampling programs would be required at each desired location. However, if only trends in the occurrence of a spore type for an area are required, one sampling station would be sufficient. Airspora monitoring programs undertaken in allergenology and plant disease epidemiology studies usually employ single sampling stations. However, ' Cooperative investigations of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Division of Biology and Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506. Contribution No. 8117-j. 2 Present address: Delta Corrosion, P.O. Box 262 Velle Chasse, New Orleans, Louisiana 70037. 3 Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506. 4 USDA-ARS, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506. Correspondence: C. L. Kramer, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.208 on Fri, 29 Jul 2016 05:32:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 30 TRANSACTIONS OF THE KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE little information is available on the variability of spore concentrations within an area such as localized agricultural situations or a metropolitan city so that better interpretations of the data can be made for the area as a whole. Concentrations of airspora in contiguous locations have been compared in only a few studies (Brown and Jackson, 1978b; Hamilton, 1959; Lacey, 1962; Long and Kramer, 1972). Hamilton (1959), in comparing the airspora of a city and nearby countryside, found that the same groups of fungi were most abundant at both locations, although they differed in magnitude. In a similar study, also using a volumetric spore trap, Lacey (1962) found 2.6 times more spores at a stream site than at a nearby exposed site near London. The local ecology was important in determining both the concentration and the composition of airspora in the atmosphere at each site. In another similar study, also using a volumetric spore trap, Long and Kramer (1972) found that the airspora over a priaire and in a nearby wooded ravine near Manhattan, Kansas varied with the season of the year, environmental conditions of the surrounding area, and time of day. During the spring and summer, numbers were generally higher at the prairie than at the woodland site during either wet or dry weather. However, during late summer and fall, relative concentrations at the two sites varied with the amount of rain. During periods favorable for growth and sporulation of fungi, numbers were higher at the woodland site. Circadian patterns in the occurrence of both dayspora and nightspora occurred at both locations during moist periods suitable for growth and sporulation of fungi. During dry conditions, the comparatively lower numbers of spores showed no evidence of a circadian pattern at the woodland site. This also was true for nightspora at the prairie site. However, the dayspora Cladosporium and Alternaria exhibited daytime peaks during both dry and wet periods. In a more extensive study, Brown and Jackson (1978a) undertook simultaneous sampling of pollen and spores at eight sites within a 60 km radius of Derby in central England. They found that counts taken on the roof of a building in Derby could provide only a rough idea of the daily variations in spore numbers elsewhere in the area. Thus, extrapolation of data obtained from a single sampling station for the surrounding area as a whole would seem unreliable for most situations and needs; multiple sampling stations with continuous sampling through 24-h periods would seem necessary to provide information useful to plant pathologists and allergists. Because of the great amount of time and expense that could be involved in such a program, we wanted to investigate the extent to which the airspora might vary at different locations within a given area and also, to determine if more efficient and expedient methods of obtaining suitable information on the airspora of a given area were feasible. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.208 on Fri, 29 Jul 2016 05:32:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms VOLUME 88, NUMBERS 1-2 31 Table 1. Description of the sampling sites and the years the sites were used in the study." @default.
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• W2318732053 date "1985-04-01" @default.
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• W2318732053 title "Horizontal Variation of Airspora Concentration in the Atmosphere" @default.
• W2318732053 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3628364" @default.
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