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- W2320003662 abstract "One criticism raised in a recent review ( 5 ) of Argyle and Cook's book Gaze and mutual gaze ( 1 ) concerned the vagueness and apparent arb~trariness of the eye-fixation vocabulary. For example, these authors describe both 1556 and 80% eye fixation ( 2 ) as 'gaze.' This use of the single word 'gaze' to describe sustnlned eye fixation is not supported by other researchers. For instance Ellsworth, et al. ( 3 ) identify the viewing activity in their field studies as 'staring.' Further Jormakka ( 4 ) implies a progressive time sequence for eye fixation which commences with 'glance,' extends to 'gaze' and concludes with 'look.' The present study was undertaken both to establish and to verify possible continuum underlying progressively increased eye fixation. For the pilot word-selection phase 11 words, however obliquely referencing eye fixation, were taken from a thesaurus ( 6 ) . Words were typed onto separate cards and given 12 subjects (5 females) who were individually instructed to arrange these words into a single series to demonstrate increased eye fixation. Once subjects had familiarized themselves with the words, they were then asked to distinguish obvious eye-fixation referents from the other words. Over half the subjects eliminated: examine, survey and view. Remaining words were subsequently typewritten onto a single sheet, listed either in alphabetical or reversed alphabetical order, and administered to a group of 30 female traineeteachers. This time subjects were instructed to rank into a single series the seven words to describe cumulative eye fixation by entering numbers to indicate the order. Agreement tested by application of Kendall's Coefficient of concordance was significant ( W = 0.70, p = .01). The final rank order for these seven words, their mean positions in this sequence, and the standard deviations ( in parentheses) were: glance 1.00 (0 .0) ; look 2.46 ( .73); regard 3.56 (1.27); gaze 4.23 (1.40); gape 4.89 (1.15); watch 5.89 (1.56); and stare 5.93 (.78). Clearly, in the current design, eye-fixation words were ranked consistently. It should be noted that data were obtained from females only. However, we believe that these results do indicate a useful vocabulary describing the periodicity of eye fixation." @default.
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- W2320003662 date "1976-12-01" @default.
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- W2320003662 title "Glance, Look, Gaze, and Stare: A Vocabulary for Eye-Fixation Research" @default.
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- W2320003662 doi "https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1976.43.3f.1278" @default.
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