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• W2320565495 abstract "The Albany Pine Bush of E-central New York is a pitch pine-scrub oak fire-controlled community developed on postglacial sand dunes. Ten species of amphibians and reptiles, rare or absent from surrounding areas, live in the Pine Bush and comprise a community resembling that of Long Island. At present, all habitats of the Pine Bush support 30 of the 44 species of amphibians and reptiles that occur in Albany County. The typical pitch pine-scrub oak community supports only eight of these. As urban development encroaches on the Pine Bush, populations of several species are being greatly reduced and may be lost or entirely cut off from the main range of the species. At least one species disappeared during the last century. The greater sand plains of eastern New York contain the most northern populations in New York State for seven species of amphibians and reptiles. These populations are relicts of warmer-adapted species living in the region during a more hospitable climatic period. INTRODUCTION Sand dunes are of special interest because they often support biotic communities of specialized species unlike those of surrounding areas. Because habitats of a very different type surround the dunes, species living in a dune island may be widely separated from the major parts of their geographic ranges. For that reason, they may become locally extinct if populations are stressed and have no chance for recruitment. The greater sand plains of eastern New York, located in Albany, Schenectady, Saratoga and Warren counties, provide appropriate habitats for the most northern populations in New York State for seven species of amphibians and reptiles. These populations are relicts of species adapted to warmer climates which apparently moved N or E during a more hospitable climatic period. Today the Albany Pine Bush comprises less than 2048 ha (5119 a) of undeveloped pine barrens vegetation lying between Albany and Schenectady, New York (Bristol, 1980). It is a remnant of a much larger tract that was encompassed by four counties. We have attempted to determine the number of species of amphibians and reptiles living in the Albany Pine Bush and to assess the current status of their populations. About 14,000 years B.P., riverine sands were deposited in postglacial Lake Albany, which extended from the Hudson Highlands N to Lake George (Dineen, 1975; Donahue, 1976). The Albany Pine Bush, the most extensive remnant of the ancient sand plain, developed on the glacio-Mohawk Delta, which formed where the Mohawk River emptied into Lake Albany. As the lake level receded, a drier climate allowed the sand to drift into dunes which were ultimately arrested by encroaching vegetation. A gently rolling topography resulted from low dunes (6-9 m on the average) and swells separated by plains. The surface was relieved by blowouts in which small ponds formed to later become boggy marshes and swamps. A few shallow streams developed in seepage basins. Elevation is generally low, 52-112 m in the Albany Pine Bush, and higher in surrounding areas of the sand plains, especially to the N. Although the water table is high (Dineen, 1975), surface sands become extremely dry between rains. Pollen cores from bogs in the Pine Bush show charcoal throughout the cores, indicating that fire has been an important force in the community for Present address: Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa 33620." @default.
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• W2320565495 date "1981-10-01" @default.
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• W2320565495 title "The Albany Pine Bush: A Northern Outpost for Southern Species of Amphibians and Reptiles in New York" @default.
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• W2320565495 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/2425164" @default.
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