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- W2321954097 abstract "Carotenoids are reported to have immunological effects independent of vitamin A activity. Although antioxidant activity has been suggested as a basis of action, the ability of carotenoids to autoxidize to numerous non-vitamin A products with immunological activity is an alternative yet to be fully explored. We have undertaken a systematic study of β-carotene autoxidation and tested the product mixture for immunological activity. Autoxidation proceeds predominantly by oxygen copolymerization, leading to a defined, reproducible product corresponding to net uptake of almost 8 molar equivalents of oxygen. The product, termed OxC-beta, empirical formula C 40 H 60 O 15 versus C 40 H 56 for β-carotene, contains more than 30% oxygen (w/w) and 85% β-carotene oxygen copolymers (w/w) as well as minor amounts of many C8−C18 norisoprenoid compounds. No vitamin A or higher molecular weight norisoprenoids are present. The predominance of polymeric products has not been reported previously. The polymer appears to be a less polymerized form of sporopollenin, a biopolymer found in exines of spores and pollen. Autoxidations of lycopene and canthaxanthin show a similar predominance of polymeric products. OxC-beta exhibits immunological activity in a PCR gene expression array, indicating that carotenoid oxidation produces non-vitamin A products with immunomodulatory potential." @default.
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- W2321954097 date "2014-04-01" @default.
- W2321954097 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2321954097 title "β-Carotene autoxidation: oxygen copolymerization, non-vitamin A products, and immunological activity" @default.
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- W2321954097 doi "https://doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2013-0494" @default.
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