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• W2326303009 abstract "The work presented in this thesis is concerned with the measurement of gait andposture parameters and their variation due to load weight, gender and load carriageduration when carrying military loads. In particular it examines the load carriagesystem as a whole rather than the backpack alone, which has been the concentrationof previous biomechanicalload carriage research. The aims of the thesis work were to(1) develop a protocol for examining the effect of the military LCS on gait andposture; (2) investigate the changes in gait and posture parameters in response to loadweight, load position, gender and duration of load carriage; and (3) to gain a betterunderstanding of the contributors to good load carriage system design throughassessment with end users.Using Coda™ motion analysis a protocol was developed to investigate gait andposture of a participant by examining changes to lower limb and upper bodymovement. In order to address aims 2 and 3, the thesis consists of 2 parts. The fIrstpart concentrates on short term load carriage. The fIrst trial examined the effect ofmilitary boots, indicating restricted ankle movement when wearing such footwear.Three other experimental trials examining the effect of load, gender and load carriagedesign were also conducted. In the lower limb increased load resulted in increasedrange of motion of all joints measured. The increase in ankle and femur movement,and decrease in knee movement was greatest for females. However, anthropometricdata show that the gender effect could be due to body size alone. The factors studiesall altered the range of motion of the lower limb, with increases in range of motionassociated with an increased energy cost when carrying loads. Change in the forwardlean of the participants was also noted, with greater forward lean as load wasincreased. Gender differences were seen, with females experiencing a greater range ofmotion of the trunk than their male counterparts; regardless of body size.Whilst these issues are important to consider, short term load carriage rarely occurswithin Defence tasks. Therefore, the second half of the thesis concentrates on longerduration load carriage. Two experimental trials, one in the laboratory and one in thefield, were completed. Longer duration carriage resulted in increased range of motionof the lower limb, greater forward lean, a more forward head position and increaseddiscomfort over time. This increased discomfort was particularly evident in theshoulders and the feet. The work highlights the importance of collecting subjectivedata as discomfort is often the limiting factor when considering the ability tocomplete a load carriage task.Two different load carriage system designs (webbing + backpack) were considered aspart of this work. Experimental work examining the effect on short term and longterm load carriage is discussed. Two systems were examined, the Standard Issuesystem (currently in service in the British Army) and a prototype system (Airmesh).The Airmesh design presents a system that includes a hip belt and redistributes someof the load onto the front of the body via vest webbing as opposed to the standarddesign were the predominant amount of the load is on the back and supported by theshoulders. During short term load carriage minimal change was seen betweensystems, with the exception of less forward lean when carrying the Airmesh designand less trunk range of motion. When longer duration carriage was examined again amore upright walking posture was noted when carrying the Airmesh system, howevergreater trunk movement was seen. This may have serious implications for thephysiological strain that an individual is placed under during longer term carriage.However, the more upright posture may present a safer option in terms of lower backstress and injury.This thesis concludes that a methodology is now in place to examine the changes ingait and posture whilst carrying military loads. The response due to increased loadweight, gender, design and increased load carriage duration has also been studied withsignificant outcomes observed. Concentration in future research should be onincluding the entire load carriage system and examining the SUbjective response ofindividuals as well as important· biomechanical and physiological data. This willallow a more complete assessment of the effect military load has on the human body." @default.
• W2326303009 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2326303009 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W2326303009 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2326303009 title "Military load carriage : the effect of increased load, gender and load carriage duration on gait and posture" @default.
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