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- W2326346043 abstract "could control the sex expression of fern gametophytes was made in the laboratory. In 1950, Dopp published a paper in which he showed that old media or aquatic extractions from media containing female gametophytes of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) induced antheridia formation in young gametophytes of its own species or those of the male fern (Dryopteris filix-mas). This pioneer work was supplemented by two further publications in 1959 and 1962. In the United States, it was mainly Naf (for review see Nif, 1979) who started studies on antheridiogen in the late 1950's. Some of the most interesting questions that arose were: Does a selected fern taxon produce or react to antheridiogen? Are antheridiogen-systems widely distributed? What is the sex expression of isolated gametophytes? How much antheridiogen is required to induce antheridia? What happens to a culture of young sterile gametophytes when antheridiogen of a female or a meristic gametophyte is added? Do meristic gametophytes become insensitive to antheridiogen? Since D6pp's initial work, a large number of publications have appeared. Nearly all of these have been based on laboratory investigations and our knowledge of antheridiogen has increased strikingly. It has been shown that at least three main classes of antheridiogens occur (Nif, 1979), antheridiogen A (bracken-antheridiogen), antheridiogen B (produced by members of the family Schizaeaceae) and antheridiogen C (produced by species of the genus Ceratopteris). Although the chemistry of only antheridiogen B has been studied in detail (Corey & Myers, 1985; Nakanishi et al., 1971; Yamane et al., 1979) many similarities among the various types of antheridiogens can be seen from the standpoint of physiology. Antheridiogens are all water soluble, are active in very low concentrations, and are formed by large, meristic gametophytes. At present, the term pheromone is preferred over the term hormone when speaking of antheridiogens (Nif, 1979). Although much has been accomplished, many questions may still be pursued through laboratory experiments. In contrast to the multitude of laboratory-oriented studies, only a few publications have focused on the occurrence and importance of antheridiogen in natural fern populations. The first publication giving evidence for the natural role of antheridiogen was that of Tryon & Vitale (1977). By mapping gametophytes on natural sites Tryon & Vitale (1977) could show that there was" @default.
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- W2326346043 date "1990-10-01" @default.
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- W2326346043 title "Antheridiogen and Natural Gametophyte Populations" @default.
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- W2326346043 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1547202" @default.
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